Atlantic slave trade

• As a historian focusing on the impact of abolitionism, I have studied this history and the founding of modern Sierra Leone.
• Sierra Leone’s role in the story shows, however, to enforce that abolition, the British navy had to rely on the support of African states and polities that had already turned against the slave trade.
• Africans played an overlooked role in ending the transatlantic slave trade.

The founding of Sierra Leone

• From 1763 onwards, the number of enslaved people shipped annually from the Sierra Leone coast by British, Portuguese and French traders rarely fell below 1,000 and was often closer to 4,000.
• And yet from 1808, it was Sierra Leone – rather than one of the other sites of slave trading – that became the site of British anti-slavery operations.
• This was because by then, Sierra Leone was the site of an established and growing colony made up of members of the black British diaspora, many formerly enslaved.

The settlement grows

• In 1791, another group arrived in the colony and sought out a new treaty of settlement.
• A new organisation, the Sierra Leone Company, took over the management of the colony from London.

African role in ending slavery

• As I found in my research, it was African demand that was shaping the success of the colony and its mission to shift the coast’s commerce away from the slave trade.
• He also worried that this was happening with “SLC” cloths.
• And a Susu leader’s deputy launched a verbal attack against the slave traders, telling them:
  It is you slave traders who cause all our palavers.
• The British based an anti-slave trade naval patrol in the colony, as well as a court for processing captured slave ships.

Conclusion

There is a misconception that Britain was the first to abolish the slave trade and that it brought enlightened anti-slavery ideas to Africa. This misconception was used to justify the spread of colonial rule in the 19th century. But the history of Sierra Leone shows that, in order to enforce their abolition decrees, the British had to rely on African states and polities that had already turned against the slave trade.

• MIPAD recognizes high achievers of African descent worldwide in 100 Under 40 and other themed categories.
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