Fetus

• However, the FDA recently announced that the most common brand of this medication, RhoGAM(R), is in shortage .
• Utilizing cell-free DNA in maternal plasma, the UNITY Fetal RhD Non-Invasive Prenatal Test can determine fetal RhD status," said Jennifer Hoskovec, MS, Certified Genetic Counselor and Senior Director of Medical Affairs at BillionToOne.
• The UNITY Fetal RhD NIPT offers a reliable and convenient alternative to traditional methods of determining fetal RhD status, such as paternal testing and invasive procedures like amniocentesis.
• The UNITY Fetal RhD NIPT accurately determines the RhD status of the fetus from maternal blood as early as 10 weeks gestation.

• You may have heard of Ozempic, the “miracle drug” for weight loss, but did you know that it was actually designed as a new treatment to manage diabetes?
• In Canada, diabetes affects approximately 10 per cent of the general population.

Locks and keys

• Every cell in the body needs sugar as an energy source, but too much sugar can be toxic to cells.
• This equilibrium needs to be tightly controlled and is regulated by a lock and key system.
• Cells cover themselves with locks that respond perfectly to insulin keys to facilitate the entry of sugar into cells.
• The body can encounter difficulties producing an adequate number of insulin keys, and/or the locks can become stubborn and unresponsive to insulin.

Severe insulin-deficient diabetes: We’re missing keys!

• In the severe insulin-deficient diabetes (SIDD) subtype, the key factories — the beta cells — are on strike.
• Why the beta cells go on strike remains largely unknown, but since there is an insulin deficiency, treatment often involves insulin injections.

Severe insulin-resistant diabetes: But it’s always locked!

• In the severe insulin-resistant diabetes (SIRD) subtype, the locks are overstimulated and start ignoring the keys.
• There are many treatment avenues for these patients but no consensus about the optimal approach; patients often require high doses of insulin.

Mild obesity-related diabetes: The locks are sticky!

• Mild obesity-related (MOD) diabetes represents a nuanced aspect of Type 2 diabetes, often observed in individuals with higher body weight.
• The locks are “sticky,” so it is challenging for the key to click in place and open the lock.

Mild age-related diabetes: I’m tired of controlling blood sugar!

Mild age-related diabetes (MARD) happens more often in older people and typically starts later in life. With time, the key factory is not as productive, and the locks become stubborn. People with MARD find it tricky to manage their blood sugar, but it usually doesn’t lead to severe complications. Among the different subtypes of diabetes, MARD is the most common.

Unique locks, varied keys

• In Canada, unique cases of Type 2 diabetes were identified in Indigenous children from Northern Manitoba and Northwestern Ontario by Dr. Heather Dean and colleagues in the 1980s and 90s.
• Read more:
  Indigenous community research partnerships can help address health inequities

  Childhood-onset Type 2 diabetes is on the rise across Canada, but disproportionately affects Indigenous youth.

• Acknowledging this distinct subtype of Type 2 diabetes in First Nations communities has led to the implementation of a community-based health action plan aimed at addressing the unique challenges faced by Indigenous Peoples.

A mosaic of conditions

• Type 2 diabetes is not uniform; it’s a mosaic of conditions, each with its own characteristics.
• Since diabetes presents so uniquely in every patient, even categorizing into subtypes does not guarantee how the disease will evolve.

Lili Grieco-St-Pierre receives funding from Fonds de recherche du Québec - Santé (FRQS). Jennifer Bruin receives funding from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR), Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC), JDRF, Diabetes Canada.

• The Target Company is a company engaged in a prenatal diagnosis business providing genetic testing and analysis services.
• We believe that business synergies will be generated as we aim to improve the value of the customer experience.
• This acquisition is in line with our ongoing strategy of obtaining assets which can contribute to expanding our presence in Japan.
• Making the Target Company our subsidiary by purchase of shares (cash settlement), share exchange (kabushiki koukan) or other methods, or a combination thereof.

• The ISN World Congress of Nephrology will be held in Buenos Aires, Argentina April 13-16, 2024.
• Presentations will highlight the eGFR results found in patients on Nefecon as well as the data on quality of life during the trial.
• There will also be a presentation on the subanalysis evaluating benefits of Nefecon for patients with lower levels of UPCR.
• The congress will include a symposium, Evolving Landscape of eFGR and Proteinuria Surrogate Markers in IgA Nephropathy, moderated by KOL Richard Lafayette, M.D., F.A.C.P.