Olanzapine

• During 2024, Royalty Pharma announced new transactions of up to $619 million.
• In January 2024, Royalty Pharma acquired a royalty interest in ecopipam for an upfront payment of $49 million and up to $44 million in milestone payments contingent on the achievement of certain regulatory milestones.
• In May 2024, Royalty Pharma announced a transaction to acquire royalties and milestones on frexalimab owned by ImmuNext for approximately $525 million in cash including estimated transaction costs.
• Royalty Pharma has provided guidance for full year 2024, excluding transactions and borrowings announced after the date of this release, as follows:

• These differences from placebo were clinically meaningful and statistically significant with adjusted P-values of
• Key secondary endpoints of CGI-S (Clinical Global Impressions – schizophrenia) and PSP (Personal and Social Performance Scale) total score were also statistically significant after adjusting for multiplicity.
• Currently, there is no long-acting olanzapine treatment option available for schizophrenia that does not risk post-injection delirium/sedation syndrome (PDSS).
• Additional efficacy and safety findings from the Phase 3 SOLARIS study are planned for presentation at a medical meeting later this year.

• The data were presented at the 2024 Congress of the Schizophrenia International Research Society (SIRS) taking place from April 3-7, 2024 in Florence, Italy.
• “Schizophrenia is a complex mental health condition where the treatment needs and preferences of those living with it may evolve over time.
• In the patient survey, approximately 20 patients and 19 caregivers completed a 60-minute interview regarding the use of LAIs in schizophrenia.
• Below is the full set of data presented by Teva at SIRS 2024.

• As interest in psychedelics has grown, so has interest in ways to end a bad trip.
• Recent research reveals that people are giving potentially dangerous advice on social media on how to stop a trip that is less than pleasurable.
• One of the earliest descriptions of a psychedelic experience in western literature can be found in Aldous Huxley’s 1953 book The Doors of Perception.
• Research shows that if someone is in a bad mood or depressed then they are more likely to have a bad trip, as are people who take too high a dose.

Trip killers

• Few clinical studies have examined trip killers, but one has found that ketanserin – a drug used to treat high blood pressure – reverses the psychedelic effects of LSD.
• A recent article in the Emergency Medical Journal analysed posts on Reddit about trip killers.
• Trip killers were discussed most often for LSD (235 posts), magic mushrooms (143 posts) and MDMA (21 posts).

Receptor blocking

• To kill a trip then, one simply has to give the drug user another drug that blocks (rather than activates) the 5-HT2A receptor.
• Many prescription drugs can do this and they tend to be antipsychotic drugs.
• Quetiapine from the list above is one popular example, while another antipsychotic, olanzapine, was mentioned in 14 posts in that study.
• Similarly, the atypical antidepressants trazodone and mirtazapine also block the 5-HT2A receptor.

Colin Davidson has previously received funding from the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIH, USA) and the European Community for projects related to stimulant drug abuse and novel psychoactive compounds respectively. He is currently a paid consultant with the Defence Science Technology Laboratory (MOD) working on new psychoactive compounds.