Citalopram

• This variability in drug response is what pharmacogenomic testing hopes to explain by looking at the genes within your DNA.
• Pharmacogenomics, or PGx, is the study of how genes affect your response to medications.

How do PGx tests work?

• PGx tests look for variations within the genes of your DNA to predict drug response.
• There are commercially available PGx tests that patients can have sent directly to their doorstep with or without the involvement of a health care professional.
• These direct-to-consumer PGx tests collect DNA from either a saliva sample or cheek swab that is then sent to the laboratory.

Limitations of PGx testing

• PGx testing will not be able to predict how you will respond to all medications for several reasons.
• PGx tests can predict how you will respond only to medications associated with the genes it tests for.
• Some drugs are broken down in very complicated pathways entailing multiple proteins and byproducts, and the usefulness of PGx testing for them remains unclear.
• In other words, PGx testing is predictive rather than deterministic.

Risks of PGx testing

• PGx testing carries the risk of not telling the whole story of drug response.
• If variations within the gene are not found, the testing company often assumes the proteins those genes code for function normally.
• Sharing your PGx test results with all the clinicians involved in your care can help prevent medication failure and improve safety.

Benefits of PGx testing

• Direct-to-consumer PGx testing can empower patients to advocate for themselves and be an active participant in their health care by increasing access to and knowledge of their genetic information.
• Patients’ knowledge of their PGx genetic profile has the potential to improve treatment safety.

• The study shows the combinatorial approach used by GeneSight exceeds the effectiveness of single-gene testing at predicting sertraline metabolism in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD).
• Using data (n=124) from the Genomics Used to Improve DEpression Decisions (GUIDED) randomized-controlled trial, the analysis evaluated the clinical validity of GeneSights combinatorial pharmacogenomic algorithm to predict sertraline blood levels.
• Sertraline blood levels were compared between phenotypes based on: 1) the pharmacokinetic portion of the combinatorial pharmacogenomic algorithm, and 2) individual genes.
• Psychiatry Research previously published two studies evaluating the combinatorial approach of the GeneSight test as compared to single-gene testing.

• Together with Inagene, we can offer students a clearer path to the treatment of these conditions, providing both the tools and resources they need to better manage their mental health.
• Expanding our services to offer PGx testing helps us ensure that we are providing students with effective, personalized care to help speed recovery.
• Poor medication experiences can also drive treatment adherence issues and present the risk of students resorting to self-medicating with street drugs or alcohol.
• Through CloudMDs proprietary technology, the Company delivers quality healthcare through a holistic offering including hybrid primary care clinics, specialist care, telemedicine, mental health support, educational resources and artificial intelligence (AI).

• Similar to the approach of the indoor cannabis industry, Seedo hopes to be able to enhance the medicinal properties of this unique herb for use in pharmaceutical and nutraceutical applications.
• With mental health entering the cultural conversation, Seedo Corp. hopes saffron will be seen as part of a new nature-based approach to mental health.
• "Seedo Corp is committed to developing breakthroughs rooted in nature that are effective and safe for athletes and everyday consumers alike."
• Seedo Corp hopes to expand the billion dollar saffron market by producing a reliable, consistent and large-scale supply of the spice.