Reflection paper on use of real-world data in non-interventional studies to generate real-world evidence
11
- 11
Reflection paper on use of real-world data in noninterventional studies to generate real-world evidence
12
Table of contents
13
1.
- References ............................................................................................ 15
10
Reflection paper on use of real-world data in non-interventional studies to generate
real-world evidence
EMA/CHMP/150527/2024Page 2/16
44
1.
- Introduction
45
This reflection paper discusses methodological aspects of non-interventional studies (NIS) using real-
46
world data (RWD) in order to generate real-world evidence (RWE) for regulatory purposes.
- These include absence of randomisation, uncontrolled conditions, non-
61
standardised treatments and uncertainties regarding data quality and completeness.
- The
63
increasing ability to capture electronic healthcare data and data from registries is now providing new
64
opportunities to use RWD and generate RWE that reflects clinical practice.
- Scope
89
The scope of this reflection paper is the design, conduct and analysis of NIS using RWD to generate
90
RWE for regulatory purposes.
- data collected specifically for the study in
106
question, or secondary use of existing data sources.
- In both cases, attention should be paid to the
107
possible selection mechanisms in the data collection, for example the inclusion of specific patients or
108
the collection of specific clinical data.
- Reference to studies with causal objectives in this document does not
119
imply an expectation that specific analytical methods will be used.
- Reflection paper on use of real-world data in non-interventional studies to generate
real-world evidence
EMA/CHMP/150527/2024Page 4/16
128
The legal obligations and regulatory requirements applicable to NIS should be followed.
- 138
?
Regulation (EU) 2016/679 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of
139
140personal data and on the free movement of such data.
- The specific aim of the study forms the basis for the
164
selection of data source(s), study design, and analysis approach.
- Reflection paper on use of real-world data in non-interventional studies to generate
real-world evidence
EMA/CHMP/150527/2024Page 5/16
166
4.2.
- Reflection paper on use of real-world data in non-interventional studies to generate
real-world evidence
EMA/CHMP/150527/2024Page 6/16
208
?
Regional differences in clinical practice and healthcare systems management, e.g.
- Misclassification can arise at many different
296
steps of data collection and extraction: diagnosis, coding, recording, data transformation, data
297
aggregation, summarisation, and analysis.
- Reflection paper on use of real-world data in non-interventional studies to generate
real-world evidence
EMA/CHMP/150527/2024Page 12/16
452
6.4.
- For these studies, the study protocol should describe:
456
?
The data elements used to link the data.
- Heterogeneity
530
In multi-database studies, different estimates may be found even when the same protocol is applied
531
across all data sources (22).
- (2023)
Reflection paper on use of real-world data in non-interventional studies to generate
real-world evidence
EMA/CHMP/150527/2024Page 15/16
569
57015.
- Draft guidance Real-World Data: Assessing Electronic Health Records and Medical Claims
Data To Support Regulatory Decision-Making for Drug and Biological Products (2021)571
572
57316.
- Reflection paper on use of real-world data in non-interventional studies to generate
real-world evidence
EMA/CHMP/150527/2024Page 16/16