Intention

• But it does mean that HMRC will have more information on cases when people selling online should pay tax and don’t.
• And because this information will also be passed to the person selling, it will be useful information if you need to fill out a self-assessment tax return.

• This article is part of Quarter Life, a series about issues affecting those of us in our twenties and thirties.
• The articles in this series explore the questions and bring answers as we navigate this turbulent period of life.
• These apply no matter your age – under 18s can be required to pay tax too.

1: Am I making or buying the things that I am selling specifically to make a profit?

• This is not carrying out a trade.
• You may need to pay income tax.

2: How much income did I generate in total during the year?

• This applies if you’re carrying out a trade – selling items to make a profit.
• There is a trade allowance of £1,000, meaning that you can earn up to £1,000 without any tax implications.

3: Did I sell any item for more than £6,000?

• Even if you’re not carrying out a trade and so don’t have to pay income tax, you might still need to consider capital gains tax.
• In the UK, in addition to tax on our income, we are also required to pay tax when we sell a significant item for more than we paid for it.

Paying tax

• If you made money through trade or by selling something of high value in the financial year which ran from April 2022 to April 2023, you will need to fill out your tax return and pay any outstanding tax by January 31 2024.
• If you think you might have to pay tax, or you are worried or unsure, the HMRC guidelines may help you.
• Paying tax can feel like losing money, but that money goes towards supporting our society.

Richard Tyler does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

• The Saskatchewan Wheat Pool, the once-mighty agricultural co-operative that became Viterra, is remembered by its iconic, but decaying, grain elevators that still dot much of the province’s rural landscape.
• Others come only after a raw, hard struggle, a grim rancher straining to pull the calf from a desperate cow.
• Others come only after a raw, hard struggle, a grim rancher straining to pull the calf from a desperate cow.
• Bunge, headquartered in Missouri, wants more of it; the wheat pool founders, based all over the province, wanted some of it.

Increasingly consolidated industry

• The top five companies already control 90 per cent of the global grain trade; six of them sell 70 per cent of all agrochemicals and four of those also sell 60 per cent of all the seed.
• Farmers owing money on contracts they were unable to fulfill because of events out of their control.

The view from Australia

• To get a glimpse into what was lost when the Wheat Pool became Viterra, we can look to Australia.
• Like Canada, farmers in Australia no longer have a national wheat marketing board.
• Unlike in Canada, however, Australian farmers held on to their co-operative grain handling company, Co-operative Bulk Handling (CBH).

As a result, CBH says average post-farmgate costs for its members are 15 per cent lower than for Australian farmers who rely on multinational corporations — including companies like Bunge and Viterra — for storage, movement, marketing and export. Through CBH, Australian farmers don’t just have a powerful corporate entity looking out for their financial interests, but a company that can help them navigate government lobbying and relationships with agricultural input providers and their growing arsenal of data being used to power artificial intelligence applications.

Co-operative green shoots

• While there are places in rural Prairies Canada that are prospering — especially those proximate to urban centres — the long-term trends remain.
• But while perhaps dormant, the co-operative impulse is not gone and may indeed be ripe for a reawakening.
• He is a fourth-generation farmer, small-business owner and director on the board of the Agricultural Producers Association of Saskatchewan.

Marc-Andre Pigeon receives funding from the co-operative and credit union sectors as well as funding from government funding bodies for his research into co-operatives and credit unions. Natalie Kallio receives funding from the co-operative and credit union sectors as well as from government funding bodies for research into co-operatives.

• To sum it up in a sentence: Resilience is the ability to manage stress in effective ways.
• As a clinical psychologist, researcher and educator specializing in training people to cope with stress more effectively, I know that resilience can be developed.
• For instance, one may handle relationship issues rather well but be unable to cope with the stress of a traffic jam.
• Some are things you can do in your daily life, such as exercise, hobbies and activities, and getting adequate sleep.

Resilience can be cultivated

• Confusing connotations about resilience pervade not only the scientific literature and mental health approaches but also popular culture.
• All of this says that resilience can flourish by incorporating specific behaviors and creating healthy environments.
• What looks like resilience could instead be suppressing, numbing or hiding feelings.
• Post-traumatic growth refers to the positive changes that some people report after trauma, especially when they incorporate some of the resilience “building blocks” listed above.

Resilience isn’t always the answer

• Overemphasizing resilience can reinforce racial injustice by suggesting that people who are subjected to it are resilient enough to handle it.
• Having to wear a mask of resilience or put on a smile can add to the burden of racism, making resilience exhausting.
• We can benefit from working on the building blocks of our own individual resilience, and from initiatives in schools, workplaces and other environments that promote resilience more broadly.
• The upside is that you can choose from many effective ways of building resilience to determine the most suitable approach for you.

Rachel Goldsmith Turow does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organization that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

REPORT on the implementation of the Common Market Organisation (CMO) Regulation in fisheries and aquaculture – Regulation (EU) 1379/2013Committee on FisheriesIzaskun Bilbao Barandica Source : © European Union, 2023 - EP