Fertility

Feminist narratives are being hijacked to market medical tests not backed by evidence

Retrieved on: 
Thursday, February 15, 2024

In the 1980s, companies co-opted messaging about female autonomy to encourage women’s consumption of unhealthy commodities, such as tobacco and alcohol.

Key Points: 
  • In the 1980s, companies co-opted messaging about female autonomy to encourage women’s consumption of unhealthy commodities, such as tobacco and alcohol.
  • Today, feminist narratives around empowerment and women’s rights are being co-opted to market interventions that are not backed by evidence across many areas of women’s health.
  • Some of these health technologies, tests and treatments are useful in certain situations and can be very beneficial to some women.

The AMH test

  • The AMH test is a blood test associated with the number of eggs in a woman’s ovaries and is sometimes referred to as the “egg timer” test.
  • Although often used in fertility treatment, the AMH test cannot reliably predict the likelihood of pregnancy, timing to pregnancy or specific age of menopause.
  • Despite this, several fertility clinics and online companies market the AMH test to women not even trying to get pregnant.
  • Some use feminist rhetoric promising empowerment, selling the test as a way to gain personalised insights into your fertility.
  • 'Egg timer' tests can't reliably predict your chance of conceiving or menopause timing

    Our recent study found around 30% of women having an AMH test in Australia may be having it for these reasons.

Breast density notification


Breast density is one of several independent risk factors for breast cancer. It’s also harder to see cancer on a mammogram image of breasts with high amounts of dense tissue than breasts with a greater proportion of fatty tissue. While estimates vary, approximately 25–50% of women in the breast screening population have dense breasts.

  • Stemming from valid concerns about the increased risk of cancer, advocacy efforts have used feminist language around women’s right to know such as “women need to know the truth” and “women can handle the truth” to argue for widespread breast density notification.
  • Yet, there is no or little mention of the lack of robust evidence showing that it prevents breast cancer deaths.
  • While stronger patient autonomy is vital, campaigning for breast density notification without stating the limitations or unclear evidence of benefit may go against the empowerment being sought.

Ensuring feminism isn’t hijacked

  • But we need to ensure the goals of feminist health advocacy aren’t undermined through commercially driven use of feminist language pushing care that isn’t based on evidence.
  • Health professionals and governments must also ensure that easily understood, balanced information based on high quality scientific evidence is available.


Brooke Nickel receives fellowship funding from the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC). She is on the Scientific Committee of the Preventing Overdiagnosis Conference. Tessa Copp receives fellowship funding from the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC). She is also on the Scientific Committee of the Preventing Overdiagnosis Conference.

Reproductive Partners Medical Group, an Ivy Fertility Clinic, Expands With New Providers And New Location

Retrieved on: 
Wednesday, February 14, 2024

Dr. Chang and Dr. Brower are both double board certified reproductive endocrinologists and infertility specialists.

Key Points: 
  • Dr. Chang and Dr. Brower are both double board certified reproductive endocrinologists and infertility specialists.
  • “Reproductive Partners Medical Group has stayed at the forefront of our field by honoring our heritage of excellence while continually looking toward the future,” said Lab Medical Director Gayane Ambartsumyan, MD.
  • She received her medical degree from University of California, Davis, and completed her residency in Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Medicine at Harvard Medical School.
  • “This is an exciting time to join Reproductive Partners Medical Group and Ivy Fertility,” said Dr. Brower.

Men become less fertile with age, but the same isn’t true for all animals – new study

Retrieved on: 
Wednesday, February 14, 2024

But our recent study, which analysed data from 157 animal species, found that male reproductive ageing seems to be a lot less common in other male animals.

Key Points: 
  • But our recent study, which analysed data from 157 animal species, found that male reproductive ageing seems to be a lot less common in other male animals.
  • With fertility in men declining worldwide, understanding ageing of sperm in other animals could give new insights into our own fertility.

Humans versus other animals

  • This recent, rapid extension in our longevity might be one reason why humans reproductively age at faster rates than other animals.
  • Animals might also face greater evolutionary pressure to maximise their reproductive potential at all ages, because most animals reproduce throughout their lives.
  • But this isn’t the case for humans.

Females versus males

  • Despite the fact human females live longer than males, they tend to become infertile earlier than men, and go through menopause.
  • In some species, including humans, where females help raise their grand-offspring (such as humans and whales), females live much beyond the age of reproduction.
  • Sperm are continuously produced in males, but eggs in many species, including humans, are produced early in the life of females.
  • For instance, in many mammals, males, but not females, disperse away from the family group when they mature.

Patterns of reproductive ageing in animals

  • We found invertebrates such as crustacea and insects have some of the slowest rates of reproductive ageing, compared to lab rodents who had some of the fastest rates.
  • In animals such as lab rodents, who have some genetic lines selected for accelerated ageing, reproductive ageing was universal across ejaculate traits.
  • This suggests that a lot of the variation in male reproductive ageing between different species could be due to their environment.

Reproductive ageing

  • Reproductive ageing occurs because as individuals grow older, their sperm and eggs accumulate damage.
  • There are however, opposing forces that determine whether old individuals will leave more copies of their genes to successive lineages compared to young animals, and reproductive ageing is only one process determining this.
  • But by looking at other species to investigate the drivers of reproductive ageing, we can understand and perhaps even seek to alleviate our own reproductive decline with age.


Krish Sanghvi receives funding from Society for the study of evolution (Rosemary grant award). Irem Sepil receives funding from the Royal Society, BBSRC and Wellcome Trust. Regina Vega-Trejo receives funding from Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council.

New Research from Maven Clinic Spotlights Global Demand for Fertility and Family Health Benefits

Retrieved on: 
Wednesday, February 14, 2024

NEW YORK, Feb. 14, 2024 /PRNewswire/ -- Maven Clinic, the world's largest virtual clinic for women's and family health, today released its third annual State of Women's & Family Health Benefits report, providing a forecast for global fertility and family benefits trends in the year to come. Drawing on responses from over 1,200 HR leaders and 3,000 full-time employees across the U.S. and the U.K., the report provides employers with the insights needed to yield value from their benefits investments and attract top talent.

Key Points: 
  • Industry leaders like AT&T lead the pack, expanding Maven access for all employees to include fertility and family building support
    NEW YORK, Feb. 14, 2024 /PRNewswire/ -- Maven Clinic , the world's largest virtual clinic for women's and family health, today released its third annual State of Women's & Family Health Benefits report, providing a forecast for global fertility and family benefits trends in the year to come.
  • More companies are charting a path forward with women's and family health benefits that attract and retain talent of all ages and help manage costs.
  • Key findings from Maven's State of Women's & Family Health Benefits report include:
    Family benefits can make or break a career decision.
  • 75% of employers say reproductive health benefits are important for retention, and 57% of employees have taken, or might take, a job because it offered family or reproductive health benefits.

Progyny, Inc. Announces Details for Its Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2023 Results Report

Retrieved on: 
Tuesday, February 13, 2024

NEW YORK, Feb. 13, 2024 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Progyny, Inc. (Nasdaq: PGNY), a transformative fertility, family building, and women’s health benefits solution, will report its financial results for the quarterly period and full year ended December 31, 2023 after the close of the market on Tuesday, February 27, 2024.

Key Points: 
  • NEW YORK, Feb. 13, 2024 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Progyny, Inc. (Nasdaq: PGNY), a transformative fertility, family building, and women’s health benefits solution, will report its financial results for the quarterly period and full year ended December 31, 2023 after the close of the market on Tuesday, February 27, 2024.
  • The company will host a conference call at 4:45 P.M. Eastern Time (1:45 P.M. Pacific Time) and issue a press release regarding its financial results prior to the start of the call.
  • Interested participants in the United States may access the conference call by dialing 1.866.825.7331 and using the passcode 265484. International participants may access the call by dialing 1.973.413.6106 and using the same passcode.
  • An audio replay of the call will be available through Tuesday, March 5, 2024 and may be accessed by dialing 1.800.332.6854 (U.S. participants) or 1.973.528.0005 (international participants) with the passcode 265484.

This Valentine’s Day, embrace green as the new colour of love

Retrieved on: 
Tuesday, February 13, 2024

But there’s another hue with a secret, sensual history longing for embrace: green.

Key Points: 
  • But there’s another hue with a secret, sensual history longing for embrace: green.
  • In these times of conflict, 2024 is the year we should remember what connects rather than divides us, and embrace green as the colour of love.

Green is at the heart


In the ancient Indian chakra tradition, green is the colour of the heart. The heart organ has long been associated with love. A chakra, conceptualised as a wheel of whirling energy, balances particular emotions and the health of the body. The heart chakra at the centre of the chest represents loving-kindness, compassion and care.

  • Green has a range of cross-cultural meanings to do with balance, peace and hope.
  • It is important in the Catholic faith for hope and life, as in Judaism, where it means renewal.
  • It symbolised a young woman’s sexuality, and being “greensick” was a term for a youth in unrequited love.


During the Renaissance, pastoral and woodland settings symbolised nature, pleasure, freedom and lack of convention, as Arden does in Shakespeare’s As You Like It and the forest in A Midsummer Night’s Dream: an alternative Green World, an erotic Eden. Bawdy Renaissance madrigals such as Now is the Month of Maying included references to a “barley break” (a roll in the hay) and lads and lasses making merry upon the “greeny grass”.

Hidden greens

  • Old songs give us some clues to the secret, erotic symbolism of the colour green and its fateful relationship to women’s sexuality.
  • The Tudor version of Greensleeves contains suggestive lyrics regarding crimson stockings with gold above the knee and pumps as white as milk, and a grassy-green gown.
  • Green in mediaeval times was also a sign of female promiscuity rather than free love.
  • Wearing green reputedly signalled a woman’s willingness to make love, since it denoted fertility and the loss of virginity.


In the Middle Ages, healers and wise-women who held vital medicinal plant and herb use, as well as some who may have practised folk magic for alluring charms and love potions, were persecuted for their knowledge as witches. The female witch is so associated with green that in The Wizard of Oz she was given green skin.

A contradictory colour


Green carries negative connotations such as poison, jealousy and envy: the green-eyed monster. Greenwashing or green-sheening are terms for the promotion of dubious environmental products. In Green Sense a treatise that explores botanical aesthetics, cultural studies academic John Ryan argues the contradiction of green comes from it being the shade of growth and decomposition: both birth and death.

  • Part noun, part adjective, part adverb and part verb, we see green, and we can also shop, build, vote and think green.
  • We can feel green: during the Renaissance, he writes, being possessed by the passions was likened to wearing green spectacles.
  • Smith also contends that we can hear colours: to hear green would be to listen longingly, as we do to love songs.
  • Across the globe, there are calls for the growth of love.
  • ': how crime books embraced lurid green


Elizabeth Reid Boyd does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

The real threat to gender-diverse children is the politicization of care issues like puberty blockers and detransition

Retrieved on: 
Tuesday, February 13, 2024

“I think that we should protect children and their ability to make adult decisions when they’re adults,” Poilievre said.

Key Points: 
  • “I think that we should protect children and their ability to make adult decisions when they’re adults,” Poilievre said.
  • Poilievre is one among many politicians to wade into debates surrounding gender-affirming health care in recent years.
  • Alberta Premier Danielle Smith has proposed controversial policies that would affect gender-diverse youth, including prohibiting puberty blockers for children aged 15 and under.

Fertility and gender-affirming medicine

  • Two opinion columnists recently wrote about gender-affirming care for minors, making drastically different remarks about the fertility implications of this care.
  • Research on fertility outcomes is lackluster to begin with, but outcomes are highly sensitive to whether puberty blockers were taken prior to starting cross-sex hormones and the stage of puberty.
  • However, for transgender people who begin cross-sex hormones after undergoing at least some natal puberty, fertility does not seem to be permanently affected.

Puberty blockers

  • When puberty blockers were first tested for use with gender dysphoric youth, transgender adults were being coercively sterilized.
  • In fact, fertility is not the only issue at stake with puberty blockers.
  • A team of Dutch clinicians who were among the first to offer transgender children puberty blockers recently acknowledged that these drugs may not be just a “pause button” to explore identity, as originally intended.
  • But there are also major consequences involved in delaying or withholding treatment with puberty blockers, which could hurt transgender girls more than boys.
  • Poilievre gives the wrong impression by saying that “we should protect the rights of parents to make their own decision with regards to their children,” because, given the age of the child, parents are typically involved in the decision to start puberty blockers.

Detransition debate

  • Detransition also tops the list.
  • On one side, opponents of gender-affirming care distort studies to argue detransition has reached epidemic proportions and draw from testimonies of regretful detransitioners as a “cautionary tale against medical transitioning.” Proponents retort by dismissing detransition either by alluding to its “rarity,” using outdated and flawed studies, or by decoupling the experience from regret.
  • As a result, the public is exposed to two different sets of “facts,” none of which reflect the heterogeneity that we and others have encountered in researching detransition — different psychological, medical and social motives for detransitioning; a range of emotions including regret, resilience, and satisfaction; expansive patterns of identity discovery and fluidity.

Guidelines, dilemmas and the need for high-quality research

  • But that does not mean the science is settled or that the medicine has no room for improvement.
  • Gender-affirming care is riddled with ethical dilemmas that have spilled over into an explosive political situation.
  • The changing landscape of transgender health care, debates about puberty blockers and detransition are all low-hanging fruit for opportunistic politicians like Poilievre.
  • He is a member of the World Professional Association for Transgender Health (WPATH).
  • Pablo Expósito-Campos receives funding from the Predoctoral Research Fellowship Program of the Government of the Basque Country, Spain.

ARC Fertility Celebrates Bill Glueck's One-Year Work Anniversary and Accomplishments as EVP of Partnerships & Platform Integrations

Retrieved on: 
Tuesday, February 13, 2024

ARC Fertility (ARC) , a highly experienced national provider of innovative fertility and family-forming benefits for self-insured employers and their employees, proudly marks the one-year anniversary of Bill Glueck's role as Executive Vice President of Partnerships & Platform Integrations.

Key Points: 
  • ARC Fertility (ARC) , a highly experienced national provider of innovative fertility and family-forming benefits for self-insured employers and their employees, proudly marks the one-year anniversary of Bill Glueck's role as Executive Vice President of Partnerships & Platform Integrations.
  • Glueck has played a pivotal role in advancing ARC’s mission of making affordable, flexible fertility and family-forming benefits more accessible for self-insured employers and their employees.
  • View the full release here: https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20240213767636/en/
    Bill Glueck, Executive Vice President of Partnerships & Platform Integrations, ARC Fertility (Photo: Business Wire)
    “Glueck’s expertise and strategic vision have significantly contributed to ARC’s growth in the self-funded marketplace,” says Dr. David Adamson, MD, founder and CEO, ARC.
  • “Since joining ARC in April 2023, Glueck has spearheaded various initiatives to improve access to high-value, high-quality reproductive care for individuals of all backgrounds.

HRC Fertility Center Adds Dr. Irene Woo to Its Roster of Prominent Doctors

Retrieved on: 
Tuesday, February 13, 2024

HRC Fertility Center (HRC), one of the largest providers of advanced fertility treatments based in Southern California, today announced the addition of Irene Woo, MD, FACOG , to its team of award-winning physicians.

Key Points: 
  • HRC Fertility Center (HRC), one of the largest providers of advanced fertility treatments based in Southern California, today announced the addition of Irene Woo, MD, FACOG , to its team of award-winning physicians.
  • Woo, an esteemed and compassionate medical professional holding dual board certifications in Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, has joined the center’s Encino office.
  • “I became part of HRC due to its esteemed reputation and commitment to exemplary medical practices,” said Dr.
  • Woo.

Demographics, labor market power and the spatial equilibrium

Retrieved on: 
Tuesday, February 13, 2024

Abstract

Key Points: 
    • Abstract
      This paper studies how demographics affect aggregate labor market power, the urban wage
      premium and the spatial concentration of population.
    • I develop a quantitative spatial model
      in which labor market competitiveness depends on the demographic composition of the local
      workforce.
    • If these factors differ across workers, labor market power has a role to
      play in explaining wage inequality.
    • This paper contributes to the literature on differences in labor market power by analyzing a
      new dimension of heterogeneity: demographics.
    • Since older workers are less mobile in terms of
      switching workplaces, firms have more labor market power over older workers.
    • I start by estimating labor market power by measuring the sensitivity of worker turnover to
      the wage paid.
    • I find a strong
      role of demographics in determining the degree of labor market power enjoyed by firms.
    • Next, I provide evidence of the importance of differences in labor market power for spatial
      wage inequality.
    • To explore the consequences of labor market sorting, I build a spatial general equilibrium
      model in which labor market competitiveness depends on the demographic composition of the

      ECB Working Paper Series No 2906

      2

      local workforce.

    • If these factors differ across workers, labor market power has a role to
      play in explaining wage inequality.
    • In
      the model, geographic sorting by age matters and leads to higher labor market power in rural
      areas, which implies an urban wage premium that is 4% larger than with uniform labor supply
      elasticities.
    • I follow Manning (2013) and estimate labor market power by measuring the sensitivity of worker
      turnover to the wage paid.
    • Bachmann et al., 2021; Ahlfeldt et al., 2022a; Berger et al.,
      2022) that nest a monopsonistic labor market in a spatial general equilibrium model (Redding
      and Rossi-Hansberg, 2017).
    • As firms have more labor market power
      over older workers, they face an upward-sloping labor supply curve that is less elastic in regions
      with an older workforce.
    • Firms choose in which labor market to operate in the sense that there is free
      entry at fixed costs into all locations.
    • How are differences in labor market competitiveness across space sustained in spatial equilibrium?
    • I use the model to quantify the importance of heterogeneity
      in labor market power for the urban wage premium and the spatial concentration of population.
    • My work is complementary to but quite different
      from this paper since I argue that population aging increases labor market power rather than
      product market power.
    • By analyzing the effects of a changing age composition of the workforce in the context
      of labor market power, I relate to literature on the labor market effects of population aging.
    • ECB Working Paper Series No 2906

      7

      after controlling for age, differences in labor market power between East and West Germany
      vanish.

    • They conclude that higher
      concentration is associated with higher labor market power (as in the model of Jarosch et al.,
      forthcoming).
    • I offer an alternative explanation why labor market power differs across regions:
      Since denser regions have a younger workforce, workers are more mobile in terms of switching
      jobs which implies lower labor market power of firms.
    • In this case, I infer a
      high labor supply elasticity and low labor market power of firms.
    • I contribute to this growing debate by
      quantifying differences in labor market power across worker groups and their effects on regional
      inequality.
    • While the model shows how demographics affect labor market power, the urban wage premium and agglomeration, one fundamental question remains open for future research: What
      are the policy implications of (differences in) labor market power?