Learned helplessness

• They are expected to be subject matter experts, leaders, administrators, managers, lifelong learners – and not just in the classroom, but in their wider communities.
• As an academic working with trainee teachers and researching social justice education, I have found four essential approaches that help future teachers develop their students into responsible global citizens.

Art and empathy

• Defamiliarisation is the artistic technique of making things that are familiar seem unusual and foreign, to disrupt the mindset.
• I have also explored how important this approach is in making students think more critically about global citizenship education.
• Develop critical empathy.
• Empathy is not enough to get students to think in more socially conscious ways.
• For example, I have used critical empathy to help my students connect to and understand each other’s struggles and experiences of the COVID pandemic.
• This fosters their development as thoughtful global citizens ready to contribute significantly to conversations about global justice and equality.

• He has gone down in history for the way he captured the light in his paintings and depicting the differences between Mediterranean and Cantabrian luminosity in moments of everyday life.
• And we forget that in his first steps he was a great renovator in his approach to social realism, the prevailing trend at the end of the 19th century.
• A century later, these gave way to anonymous men and women living simple lives, depicted with great nobility and drama.

The Hardness of the Sea

• The idyllic sea to which we are accustomed in his paintings gives way to social realism.
• Sorolla’s brushstrokes also capture with profound humanity the helplessness of two experienced sailors before the figure of the injured young man.
• Sorolla, with a unique pictorial language, conveys the drama of the moment, exalting the simplicity of the anonymous fishermen.

Seafaring psychology

• In Peeling Potatoes (1891) a solitary fisherman prepares his daily sustenance.
• And in The Blessing of the Boat on Cabañal Beach (1895), the gaze of a young fisherman invites us to take part in the solemn ceremony.
• The artist uses the light shed inside the hut to make a study of chiaroscuro in the definition of the space.

Inequalities on land

• The denunciation of social inequalities in this early period of Sorolla’s work goes beyond the maritime sphere.
• (1892), in which a woman travels from Valencia to Madrid handcuffed and guarded by the Benemérita for having killed her son.
• In it, Marguerite, mad with love for the protagonist, is imprisoned for killing the illegitimate child she has with him.

• Often focused on communities that are marginalised or excluded, verbatim theatre emerged in the 1970s.
• It uses the words of real people as the basis for theatrical performance.
• Grenfell expertly combines verbatim performances drawn from first-hand accounts with a film made by the survivors in their ongoing campaign for justice.
• Also threaded through the play are staged excerpts from the transcripts of the Grenfell Tower Enquiry (2017-22).

The challenges facing verbatim theatre

• Creating theatre from the words of “ordinary people” can run the risk of speaking for the marginalised people theatre makers aspire to “give voice” to.
• Done without sufficient care, verbatim might appropriate their stories, or paint those it apparently “speaks for” only as victims.
• Verbatim theatre may lack nuance in its depictions, suspending its subjects in a traumatic moment, or a position of grievance or helplessness.

Never Forget

• The survivors’ remembrances culminate in a sensitive yet truly harrowing account of the catastrophic fire.
• Movable archive boxes marked with the number of each flat, act as building blocks of various locations in the minimalist set and also contain the sombre relics of the fire.
• A vacated seating bank, illuminated from above, honours those that were lost.
• Our own work on The Verbatim Formula research uses elements of verbatim with communities of young people who have experienced social care.

• In honor of Mother's Day, American Greetings and the Women's Alzheimer's Movement at Cleveland Clinic have partnered to encourage the celebration of women everywhere and raise critical research funds in the process.
• With each $15 donation to research on Alzheimer's disease in women, donors may send a special Mother's Day digital greeting card designed by artists at American Greetings.
• To date, the medical field doesn't understand why women are more likely to be diagnosed with the disease than men.
• Individuals may select their Mother's Day digital greeting cards when making their donation at www.AmericanGreetings.com/think-moms from May 11 – 14.