Long COVID could be caused by the virus lingering in the body. Here's what the science says
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Saturday, June 10, 2023
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When symptoms last longer than 12 weeks, the condition is known as long COVID.
Key Points:
- When symptoms last longer than 12 weeks, the condition is known as long COVID.
- Long COVID encompasses up to 200 different symptoms.
- One factor that may be associated with long COVID is that the virus hasn’t fully cleared from the body after the initial infection.
Other viruses lurk in the body
- This means the virus conceals itself within cells and remains dormant.
- HIV, in particular, can remain dormant in infected cells throughout the body.
- Several studies have shown COVID can also reactivate the Epstein-Barr virus, which has remained in the body in a latent state.
How do we know COVID stays in the body?
- SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected in at least half the samples of heart, lymph glands, eye, nerve, brain and lung tissue tested.
- These patients had asymptomatic COVID and were PCR-negative from swabs of the nose and throat at four months.
- Initial studies did not always suggest a strong relationship between the long-term detection of SARS-CoV-2 and long COVID symptoms.
How might the delay in clearing the virus impact people with long COVID?
- We have previously shown immune dysfunction and inflammation persist up to eight months in people with long COVID that initially had mild to moderate disease.
- Read more:
When does COVID become long COVID? - Antibodies reactive to Epstein-Barr virus are elevated in people with long COVID suggesting Epstein-Barr virus reactivation, likely through activating the immune system.
- This should include examination of viral RNA and protein in both blood and tissues in people with long COVID independent of disease severity.