Tourists search for Mount Sinai in Saudi Arabia – but does a geographical location for pivotal Bible event even exist?
Catherine, the wife of the Eastern Roman emperor Justinian, is said to have journeyed throughout the region and identified the site of Mount Sinai.
- Catherine, the wife of the Eastern Roman emperor Justinian, is said to have journeyed throughout the region and identified the site of Mount Sinai.
- A monastery bearing her name was built there in 550 C.E., and it has served as the presumed location of Mount Sinai ever since.
- Most scholars believe that the location of Mount Sinai is unknowable from the available textual evidence.
What’s in a name?
- Deuteronomy retells the history of Israel as the Israelites were poised to enter the Holy Land.
- Throughout Deuteronomy, there are over a dozen references to Horeb as the place where Moses received the commandments.
- The name Sinai is used throughout Exodus and occurs in Leviticus and Numbers, although Horeb is absent from those works.
Horeb or Sinai?
- The references to Sinai are concentrated in Exodus, Leviticus and Numbers, while Deuteronomy refers almost exclusively to Horeb.
- In other words, the author or authors of Exodus, Leviticus and Numbers strongly preferred the word Sinai while the author of Deuteronomy used only Horeb.
- It is likely that the one poem that mentions Sinai in Deuteronomy, when every other mention of that mountain is in Horeb, is a result of the editorial changes.
- Perhaps the key fact to keep in mind is that scholars know very little about the location of Mount Sinai and whether or not it is the same place as Horeb.
A strange absence
- Among the 150 Psalms there is but one reference to Sinai.
- How can it be that such a critical source of the religion of Israel was of little interest to these prophets?
- Yet, none of the prophets felt a need to call upon Israel to follow the laws of Moses given at Sinai or Horeb.