Dysfunction

• Since the Four Corners episode, the New South Wales health minister has announced a review of the scientific evidence related to health care for young trans people.
• How can we ensure ethical principles for young trans people and their families are met – especially when they might see research as one of few avenues for accessing care?
• How do young trans people and their families know when they should or shouldn’t sign up?

Obligations and oversight

• They include a chairperson, members of the public and people with expert knowledge and current experience in research.
• These say research should be respectful, culturally safe and undertaken in the best interest of the individuals and communities.
• This includes trans young people, many of whom experience anxiety and depression as a result of stigma and discrimination.

What about young trans people and their families?

• Accordingly, it is expected research with young trans people and their families is undertaken ethically, responsibly and with integrity.
• Young trans people and their families need to be involved throughout the research process.
• When young trans people and their families are not meaningfully included as research partners, research findings can be misinterpreted.

How can young trans people and their families assess research ethics?

Participants should be presented with clear information about what the study will involve and the implications of participation. Before deciding on whether to participate in research, young trans people and their families should know their rights in research settings including the right to complain and what happens to their personal data if they withdraw. Helpful questions to ask before consenting to participate in research include:
Participation in research should be a choice. It should not involve any kind of coercion, such as feeling that not participating in the research would mean a person would not get the same access to gender-affirming health care.

Robust research is needed

• Robust research is vital to reducing this health inequity and improving the health and wellbeing of young trans people.
• To ensure this research is of the highest standard, ethics committees must have the expertise to uphold ethical principles in research involving trans children and adolescents.
• As the Four Corners program shows, high-quality guidelines specifically for research with trans people, including children and adolescents, are urgently needed.

• With this in mind, it’s not entirely surprising that some people seem to think men have a problem with friendships.
• While women may be especially quick to draw this conclusion, the idea exists in society as a whole.
• Men, we are led to believe, either have low quality friendships, or not enough of them.
• We then do not see how men demonstrate closeness less obviously, in coded ways, or even silently.

Humour is one example

• Contrary to the notion that it’s used to “put up walls”, humour, such as the use of provocative nicknames, can promote a sense of closeness.
• Humour in the military, for instance, is used to express the hardships of the work and channel aggression, all the while creating a sense of togetherness.

Resisting masculinity

• But readings of male friendships as shallow assume that men are unable to negotiate the rules of masculinity.
• The truth is that regimes of masculinity are largely imposed on men, and they do their best to play the game, or subvert masculinity if they can.
• Many men resist competitive masculinity enough to express vulnerabilities and create deep connections.

The rise of the bromance

• No phenomenon illustrates this better than the rise of the “bromance”.
• The term may have emerged from skateboarding in the 1990s, when heterosexual men commonly shared hotel rooms while on tour.
• Young men talk about how their bromances are on another level to friendships in terms of trust, expression of vulnerability and physical affection.

‘Levelling up’ male friendships

• Research shows younger men are engaging in close male friendships and expressing their feelings like never before.
• They will open up to others in safe contexts – although not all men have these safe spaces.
• For example, it seems that by encouraging men to do activities side by side, or that have a “purpose” (such as volunteering or attending men’s sheds to create things), male bonding and important conversations naturally emerge.

• Apollo Health Ventures and the Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI) launched Focal Biosciences.
• Apollo Health Ventures and the Paul Scherrer Institute will join their resources together with scientific founder Prof. G.V.
• Shivashankar, Scientific Founder of Focal Biosciences, Head of the Laboratory of Nanoscale Biology, Paul Scherrer Institute and Professor of Mechano-Genomics, ETH Zurich.
• Apollo Health Ventures is a transatlantic venture capital firm specialized in developing and investing in data-driven biotechnology and health tech ventures.

• As of May 5, 2022, the date of filing IDACORP's and Idaho Power's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2022.
• IDACORP will hold an analyst conference call today at 2:30 p.m. Mountain Time (4:30 p.m. Eastern Time).
• All parties interested in listening may do so through a live webcast on IDACORP's website ( www.idacorpinc.com ), or by calling (855) 761-5600 for listen-only mode.
• The conference call logistics are also posted on IDACORP's website and will be included in IDACORP's earnings news release.