Gulf War

US military plans to unleash thousands of autonomous war robots over next two years

Retrieved on: 
Wednesday, August 30, 2023

The so-called Replicator initiative aims to work with defence and other tech companies to produce high volumes of affordable systems for all branches of the military.

Key Points: 
  • The so-called Replicator initiative aims to work with defence and other tech companies to produce high volumes of affordable systems for all branches of the military.
  • Military systems capable of various degrees of independent operation have become increasingly common over the past decade or so.

An idea whose time has come

    • Many of these have been based on modifying commercial technology, which itself has become more capable, cheaper and more widely available.
    • Military robots are an idea whose time has come.

Robots everywhere

    • field attritable autonomous systems at scale of multiple thousands, in multiple domains, within the next 18 to 24 months.
    • Finally, “multiple domains” means robots on land, at sea, in the air and in space.
    • In short, robots everywhere for all kinds of tasks.

The robot mission

    • China’s People’s Liberation Army is seen as having a significant advantage in terms of “mass”: it has more people, more tanks, more ships, more missiles and so on.
    • The imagined future war of most concern is a hypothetical battle for Taiwan, which some postulate could soon begin.
    • However, Replicator is also looking further ahead, and aims to institutionalise mass production of robots for the long term.

A brave new world?

    • Optimists argue robots can be carefully programmed to follow rules, and in the heat and confusion of combat they may even obey better than humans.
    • Pessimists counter by noting not all situations can be foreseen, and robots may well misunderstand and attack when they should not.
    • Among earlier autonomous military systems, the Phalanx close-in point defence gun and the Patriot surface-to-air missile have both misperformed.

A global change

    • China is an obvious candidate, with great strength in both artificial intelligence and combat drone production.
    • However, because much of the technology behind autonomous military drones has been developed for civilian purposes, it is widely available and relatively cheap.
    • Autonomous military systems are not just for the great powers, but could also soon be fielded by many middle and smaller powers.

Iraqi journalist Ghaith Abdul-Ahad watched Saddam's statue topple in 2003. His 'standout' war memoir de-centres the West

Retrieved on: 
Sunday, August 6, 2023

Baghdad native and former architect Ghaith Abdul-Ahad traces his start as a journalist to the day Saddam Hussein’s statue was toppled in central Baghdad, on April 9 2003 – two weeks after US troops invaded the city.

Key Points: 
  • Baghdad native and former architect Ghaith Abdul-Ahad traces his start as a journalist to the day Saddam Hussein’s statue was toppled in central Baghdad, on April 9 2003 – two weeks after US troops invaded the city.
  • Framed as a watershed moment, Western media coverage at the time “heavily implied” the statue was taken down by “a large crowd of cheering Iraqis”.
  • But expressions of gratitude for the American goal of “restoring democracy” were not unanimous.
  • ‘Show the world American democracy.’

    Read more:
    Orientalism: Edward Said's groundbreaking book explained

Beyond ‘shock and awe’

    • In the two decades since the brutal invasion, its architects have held onto near-total impunity.
    • And in 2019, the UK government even sought to grant amnesty to troops who committed war crimes during their deployment.
    • Countless memoirs from US and UK veterans published over the past two decades betray persisting delusions of heroism.

Sweeping and dynamic

    • A Stranger in Your Own City is sweeping in scope.
    • It doesn’t fit neatly into any one genre, but reads at once like a travelogue, geo-biography, memoir and political history.
    • But this dynamic collection rarely meanders, nor does it lose the reader in its frequent shifts in focus.
    • Instead, its structure foregrounds what the book does best: unsettling the enduring myths about the origins of Iraq’s never-ending crisis.

Sectarian tensions heightened by occupation

    • Here, Abdul-Ahad challenges the widely held view that sectarian tensions were an entrenched and longstanding source of conflict in Iraq before 2003.
    • We learn instead that sectarianism was, in fact, catalysed by the US occupation – namely in the formation of the post-Saddam government.
    • Ultimately, these networks functioned as “personal fiefdoms” that distributed and privatised resources and services following sectarian quotas.
    • And, as Abdul-Ahad argues, the rearranging of Iraqi society across sectarian lines – both socially and geographically – fuelled the civil wars to come.

An extension of America’s war

    • Abdul-Ahad challenges the binary view of Iraqi societal tensions as split neatly between Sunni and Shia Muslims following the 2006 civil war.
    • He examines a “wide range of localised schisms and fault lines, feuds based on class or geography”.
    • Despite this ever-changing political climate, Abdul-Ahad contends, “as for the Iraqis, friend and foe alike, this was still an extension of America’s war, even if it was now only Iraqis who were butchering Iraqis”.
    • Read more:
      Iraq war, 20 years on: how the world failed Iraq and created a less peaceful, democratic and prosperous state

Disaster capitalism in Iraq

    • Abdul-Ahad illustrates how the Gulf War and 13 years of crippling sanctions “brought [Iraq] to its knees”.
    • Disaster capitalists exploit and even manufacture political and economic crises so they can introduce vastly transformative neoliberal policies amid the chaos.
    • In this context, the invasion of Iraq was anything but a failure in the eyes of its architects.
    • Read more:
      Why you can't explain the Iraq War without mentioning oil

A productive tension

    • As I write this review, I’m reminded the representational responsibilities of a book like this aren’t set in stone.
    • Abdul-Ahad very deliberately resists buying into a reductive narrative about what caused the war – and rightly so.
    • A productive tension emerges between Abdul-Ahad’s personal understanding of Iraqi society and politics and those of his interviewees, complicating the Western media’s monolithic rendering of Iraqis.
    • But this pressure risks depoliticising their experiences – and relegating their historical and political contexts to the narrative margins.

‘Deeply human’, but still political

    • But Abdul-Ahad mostly avoids this trap, without sacrificing either personal resonance or political subjectivity.
    • While the protests failed to inspire substantial political change, the reverberations of a “larger more common identity” were felt.
    • In the wake of the Tishreen Movement, Abdul-Ahad renders an image of ambivalent, angry steadfastness and hope.

One Year Of The PACT Act Brings Improvements For Veterans’ Health And Disability Benefits, Reports Allsup

Retrieved on: 
Friday, August 4, 2023

“The PACT Act makes significant strides toward ensuring that all veterans receive the care and benefits they have earned, irrespective of when they served,” said Brett Buchanan, a U.S. Army veteran and Allsup VA-Accredited Claims Agent.

Key Points: 
  • “The PACT Act makes significant strides toward ensuring that all veterans receive the care and benefits they have earned, irrespective of when they served,” said Brett Buchanan, a U.S. Army veteran and Allsup VA-Accredited Claims Agent.
  • Since the PACT Act was implemented, VA-Accredited Claims Agents with Allsup have been critical allies for veterans navigating the VA disability appeals process when they receive a decision or denial from the VA and seek expert guidance on next steps.
  • “The PACT Act represents a shift in our approach to veterans’ service-related compensation benefits,” Buchanan explained.
  • If you or a veteran you know has questions about their options for VA disability benefits, please call 888-372-1190 or visit Veterans .Allsup.com.

Windstream supports 2023 National Veterans Wheelchair Games

Retrieved on: 
Monday, July 3, 2023

Windstream, a privately held communications and software company, is proud to help sponsor the 2023 National Veterans Wheelchair Games, which take place July 4-9 in Portland, Oregon.

Key Points: 
  • Windstream, a privately held communications and software company, is proud to help sponsor the 2023 National Veterans Wheelchair Games, which take place July 4-9 in Portland, Oregon.
  • The Wheelchair Games are open to all U.S. veterans with spinal cord injuries, amputations, multiple sclerosis, or other central neurological conditions who require a wheelchair for athletic competition.
  • “It’s truly inspiring to watch these athletes in action at the National Veterans Wheelchair Games,” Reed said.
  • “Their service and resilience deserve our highest respect.”
    The Department of Veterans Affairs launched the Wheelchair Games in 1981 with 7 events and 77 athletes.

Why Ukraine has been unable to capitalize on the Wagner Group rebellion

Retrieved on: 
Thursday, June 29, 2023

One reason the counteroffensive was announced with little fanfare was that it probably wasn’t going according to plan.

Key Points: 
  • One reason the counteroffensive was announced with little fanfare was that it probably wasn’t going according to plan.
  • The counteroffensive may still have plenty of steam, but attempts to present it as having barely got started are certainly misleading.

Significant losses

    • Losses have been significant.
    • Such losses were soon confirmed by Western sources and are far from exceptional.
    • One problem for Ukrainian forces is what seemed like a good idea to them was also anticipated by the Russian side.

Fighting continues in Bakhmut region

    • Some Ukrainian effort is also being expended in the Bakhmut region.
    • In this area, Ukrainian forces seem to be trying to roll back hard-won Russian gains of recent months and with localized success.
    • Being on the defensive also has the benefit for Russian forces of mitigating some of the supply issues they faced during 2022.

Russian army has adapted

    • The Russian army has certainly learned and adapted to the nature of the war and the Ukrainian armed forces since 2022.
    • One example: Russian forces have been taking measures to reduce the heat signatures of armoured vehicles and their vulnerability to Ukrainian anti-tank weapons.
    • Finally, the Russian population — and the army it supports — has in the main hunkered down in expectation of a protracted war.

Heavy losses on both sides

    • Much has been written in the Western media about estimated Russian losses and manpower issues, but very little about those of Ukraine.
    • Russia has lost large numbers of troops and a significant number of men eligible for military service have fled abroad.
    • Ukraine has also suffered heavy losses that are difficult to replace, and millions of Ukrainians have left the country.

How does it end?


    At some point there will have to be negotiations — even if only for a ceasefire along the lines of the Korean War. Further escalation, perhaps involving NATO troops, might genuinely risk seeing the use of nuclear weapons. Thankfully, debates in Russian policy circles on the potential for using nuclear weapons remain very hypothetical, at least for now.

Saudi Arabia's strategic plans to safeguard food security for pilgrims

Retrieved on: 
Wednesday, June 21, 2023

MECCA, Saudi Arabia, June 21, 2023 /PRNewswire/ -- Saudi Arabia has successfully managed to achieve an excellent status in the framework of realizing self-sufficiency for several necessary food products before taking up the task of securing food for millions of visiting pilgrims coming from different countries of the world.

Key Points: 
  • MECCA, Saudi Arabia, June 21, 2023 /PRNewswire/ -- Saudi Arabia has successfully managed to achieve an excellent status in the framework of realizing self-sufficiency for several necessary food products before taking up the task of securing food for millions of visiting pilgrims coming from different countries of the world.
  • According to the head of catering in Mecca, products from 1,294 food factories in Saudi Arabia will secure more than 120 million meals for at least 2 million pilgrims in six days under the supervision of the Ministry of Hajj and Umrah.
  • Saudi Arabia's strategy to achieve food security involves 11 programs, including the Saudi Agricultural Investment Abroad Program, with the Saudi Agricultural and Livestock Investment Company (SALIC) completing a 4.65-billion-riyal acquisition of 35.43 percent of the Singaporean Olam Agri company in December 2022, in addition to the acquisition of two meat processing factories in Australia.
  • Furthermore, water security also occupies a place on the strategic agenda of the Kingdom, who currently engages in massive seawater desalination projects and the operation and management of 563 dams, while it plans to build 1,000 new dams to enhance the utilization of rainwater.

Saudi Arabia's strategic plans to safeguard food security for pilgrims

Retrieved on: 
Wednesday, June 21, 2023

MECCA, Saudi Arabia, June 21, 2023 /PRNewswire/ -- Saudi Arabia has successfully managed to achieve an excellent status in the framework of realizing self-sufficiency for several necessary food products before taking up the task of securing food for millions of visiting pilgrims coming from different countries of the world.

Key Points: 
  • MECCA, Saudi Arabia, June 21, 2023 /PRNewswire/ -- Saudi Arabia has successfully managed to achieve an excellent status in the framework of realizing self-sufficiency for several necessary food products before taking up the task of securing food for millions of visiting pilgrims coming from different countries of the world.
  • According to the head of catering in Mecca, products from 1,294 food factories in Saudi Arabia will secure more than 120 million meals for at least 2 million pilgrims in six days under the supervision of the Ministry of Hajj and Umrah.
  • Saudi Arabia's strategy to achieve food security involves 11 programs, including the Saudi Agricultural Investment Abroad Program, with the Saudi Agricultural and Livestock Investment Company (SALIC) completing a 4.65-billion-riyal acquisition of 35.43 percent of the Singaporean Olam Agri company in December 2022, in addition to the acquisition of two meat processing factories in Australia.
  • Furthermore, water security also occupies a place on the strategic agenda of the Kingdom, who currently engages in massive seawater desalination projects and the operation and management of 563 dams, while it plans to build 1,000 new dams to enhance the utilization of rainwater.

Saudi Arabia's strategic plans to safeguard food security for pilgrims

Retrieved on: 
Monday, June 19, 2023

MECCA, Saudi Arabia, June 19, 2023 /PRNewswire/ -- Saudi Arabia has successfully managed to achieve an excellent status in the framework of realizing self-sufficiency for several necessary food products before taking up the task of securing food for millions of visiting pilgrims coming from different countries of the world.

Key Points: 
  • MECCA, Saudi Arabia, June 19, 2023 /PRNewswire/ -- Saudi Arabia has successfully managed to achieve an excellent status in the framework of realizing self-sufficiency for several necessary food products before taking up the task of securing food for millions of visiting pilgrims coming from different countries of the world.
  • According to the head of catering in Mecca, products from 1,294 food factories in Saudi Arabia will secure more than 120 million meals for at least 2 million pilgrims in six days under the supervision of the Ministry of Hajj and Umrah.
  • Saudi Arabia's strategy to achieve food security involves 11 programs, including the Saudi Agricultural Investment Abroad Program, with the Saudi Agricultural and Livestock Investment Company (SALIC) completing a 4.65-billion-riyal acquisition of 35.43 percent of the Singaporean Olam Agri company in December 2022, in addition to the acquisition of two meat processing factories in Australia.
  • Furthermore, water security also occupies a place on the strategic agenda of the Kingdom, who currently engages in massive seawater desalination projects and the operation and management of 563 dams, while it plans to build 1,000 new dams to enhance the utilization of rainwater.

Saudi Arabia's strategic plans to safeguard food security for pilgrims

Retrieved on: 
Monday, June 19, 2023

MECCA, Saudi Arabia, June 19, 2023 /PRNewswire/ -- Saudi Arabia has successfully managed to achieve an excellent status in the framework of realizing self-sufficiency for several necessary food products before taking up the task of securing food for millions of visiting pilgrims coming from different countries of the world.

Key Points: 
  • MECCA, Saudi Arabia, June 19, 2023 /PRNewswire/ -- Saudi Arabia has successfully managed to achieve an excellent status in the framework of realizing self-sufficiency for several necessary food products before taking up the task of securing food for millions of visiting pilgrims coming from different countries of the world.
  • According to the head of catering in Mecca, products from 1,294 food factories in Saudi Arabia will secure more than 120 million meals for at least 2 million pilgrims in six days under the supervision of the Ministry of Hajj and Umrah.
  • Saudi Arabia's strategy to achieve food security involves 11 programs, including the Saudi Agricultural Investment Abroad Program, with the Saudi Agricultural and Livestock Investment Company (SALIC) completing a 4.65-billion-riyal acquisition of 35.43 percent of the Singaporean Olam Agri company in December 2022, in addition to the acquisition of two meat processing factories in Australia.
  • Furthermore, water security also occupies a place on the strategic agenda of the Kingdom, who currently engages in massive seawater desalination projects and the operation and management of 563 dams, while it plans to build 1,000 new dams to enhance the utilization of rainwater.

The US will send depleted uranium munitions to Ukraine – a health physicist explains their military, health and environmental effects

Retrieved on: 
Friday, June 16, 2023

The Biden administration has agreed to provide Ukraine with depleted uranium shells to equip M1A1 Abrams tanks that the U.S. is sending there.

Key Points: 
  • The Biden administration has agreed to provide Ukraine with depleted uranium shells to equip M1A1 Abrams tanks that the U.S. is sending there.
  • Health physicist Kathryn Higley explains what depleted uranium is and what’s known about potential health and environmental risks.

What is depleted uranium?

    • Depleted uranium is mainly U-238, with small amounts of other isotopes, including U-235.
    • The isotope U-235 is fissile, which means that it can be split in a reaction that releases a lot of energy.
    • Engineers use a process called enrichment to extract U-235 from natural uranium ore. What’s left over after this process removes some of the U-235 is called depleted uranium.
    • Depleted uranium is about 40% less radioactive than natural uranium.

Why is depleted uranium used in munitions?

    • Depleted uranium can be manufactured into a very dense material – about 1.7 times more dense than lead.
    • Because DU is a byproduct of the nuclear fuel cycle, plenty of it is readily available.
    • Formed into a projectile, such as a bullet or shell, its high density helps the munition penetrate into a target.

Where have depleted uranium munitions been used?

    • Depleted uranium munitions have been used in the Gulf War in 1990-1991, the Kosovo conflict in the Balkans in 1998-1999 and in U.S. operations in Iraq and Afghanistan.
    • In addition to the U.S. and the U.K., Russia, France and China are known to have DU munitions in their arsenals, and other countries may be importing them.
    • The alpha radiation that DU emits is not strong enough to penetrate human skin, so just being near depleted uranium is not a health risk.
    • But it may become a health hazard if it is ingested or inhaled, or shrapnel fragments are retained in the body.

Will these munitions create health or environmental risks on Ukrainian soil?

    • They include health studies of soldiers hit by DU shrapnel, and biomonitoring – collecting samples of urine, feces, fingernail clippings and hair from exposed individuals.
    • Fragments and much smaller particles from exploded DU munitions can remain in soil long after conflicts end.
    • Scientists continue to examine how DU particles behave in the environment, in order to improve our ability to predict long-term environmental effects.
    • The U.S. and U.K. governments clearly believe that providing DU munitions will improve Ukraine’s ability to defeat Russian tanks and bring this conflict to an end.