LIA

• These are objectively true statements that most people have come to accept.
• But it is also true that Earth’s climate has never been stagnant and climate anomalies have been frequent throughout the past.
• Are the impacts of modern climate change comparable to those of the medieval warm period (MWP) or the little ice age (LIA)?

Ecosystem background

• Predators at the top of the food chain, like polar bears, reflect changes across the entire ecosystem, all the way down to microscopic algae.
• In the Arctic, the base of the food web is sourced from two categories: sea ice-associated algae and open-water phytoplankton, which are distinguishable through their carbon isotopes.

Results from our study

• In our study we examined stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes in polar bear bone collagen.
• The polar bears were all from the Lancaster Sound sub-population and spanned the last 4,000 years.

What it all means

• The results of the nitrogen isotopes showed that throughout time, 4,000 years BP to the present, the structure of the Lancaster Sound food web was relatively unchanged.
• Polar bears eat seals, seals eat cod, cod eat zooplankton, et cetera.
• There were no surprising shifts in the diets of polar bears despite past and present climate change.

Evidence of a warming climate

• For ringed seals, the primary prey of polar bears, it is a platform for denning and raising young.
• In this case, we have illustrated the magnitude of difference occurring in the modern Arctic, relative to past climate anomalies.
• We can, therefore, not dismiss calls to action on climate change on the basis that the climate has always fluctuated.

• COVID-19's impact on the Electric lighting equipment market was negative, owing to the immediate shutdowns in the commercial sector and industries such as automotive and retail.
• These trends and growth factors present significant opportunities for electric lighting equipment providers in the online segment.
• These factors collectively create a strong demand for lighting in residential sector in the electric lighting equipment market.
• Based on region, Asia-Pacific held the highest market share in terms of revenue in 2022, accounting for around one-third of the global electric lighting equipment market revenue.

• Concurrently, AM Best has affirmed the Long-Term ICR of “bbb-” (Good) of LIA Holdings Limited (Lombard International) (United Kingdom), a non-operating holding company.
• The ratings of LIA SA factor in its strategic importance to Lombard International, and its integration within the group.
• For additional information regarding the use and limitations of Credit Rating opinions, please view Guide to Best’s Credit Ratings .
• For information on the proper use of Best’s Credit Ratings, Best’s Performance Assessments, Best’s Preliminary Credit Assessments and AM Best press releases, please view Guide to Proper Use of Best’s Ratings & Assessments .

• MIAMI, May 9, 2023 /PRNewswire/ -- South Florida PBS Health Channel original series, SEX TALK with Dr. Lia , is now available on multiple Free FAST based TV streaming platforms.
• SOUTH FLORIDA PBS' HEALTH CHANNEL SEX TALK WITH DR. LIA NOW AVAILABLE ON FAST CHANNELS TV
  With 42 episodes across 2 seasons, SEX TALK with Dr. Lia is a lively, informative, and fun show that covers a wide range of topics related to sexual health.
• New episode of SEX TALK with Dr. Lia will be available daily on the FAST Channels that currently broadcast the Health Channel.
• The Health Channel has already been created and launched with platform partner FAST Channels TV, and is available on the following free consumer services: MEGOGO , Streeme (Ch.