Clopidogrel

• This filing marks a significant milestone as Jiangsu Vcare's first NDA submission from its innovative drug pipeline.
• This NDA filing builds on continuous dialogues with the FDA and is supported by robust nonclinical data and clinical studies conducted in both China and US.
• Vicagrel, a novel oral P2Y12 receptor antagonist, represents Jiangsu Vcare's commitment to addressing unmet clinical needs with innovative approaches.
• This NDA filing reflects more than ten years of persistent innovation and dedication by Jiangsu Vcare.

• The International STAR Registry captures high fidelity data on real-world clinical use and associated clinical outcomes using CytoSorb® for antithrombotic drug removal (ATR) in the acute hospital setting.
• The STAR Registry, not to be confused with the completed U.S. and Canada STAR-T pivotal trial, is enrolling ahead of internal projections with plans for ongoing presentations at large, international conferences.
• The first registry analysis entitled, “ Insights from the International Safe and Timely Antithrombotic Removal (STAR) Registry ” was presented at the EuroPCR conference in May 2023, the largest interventional cardiology conference in the E.U., attracting 11,500+ participants this year.
• It also includes, for the first time, data on patients being treated with CytoSorb to reduce seven different antithrombotic medications.

• The daily use of low dose aspirin has been a mainstay of preventing strokes for decades.
• While there has always been a risk of bleeding associated with aspirin use, the benefits were thought to outweigh the risk.
• Now new research led by Monash University has shown daily, low-dose aspirin doesn’t prevent strokes in relatively healthy people aged over 70.

Why has aspirin been used to prevent strokes?

• They are what stop you from continuously bleeding any time you have a cut or scrape on your skin.
• Because aspirin acts on platelets, it can help prevent the clots that can lead to a stroke.
• But because aspirin acts on platelets, it can also increase the risk of unwanted bleeding, usually in the stomach.

Findings of the Monash trial

• New research from Australia and the United States reports results from the Aspirin in Reducing Events in the Elderly (ASPREE) trial.
• When compared with placebo, aspirin didn’t reduce or increase the risk of stroke.
• Read more:
  Daily low-dose aspirin doesn't reduce heart-attack risk in healthy people

  These findings are not entirely new.

• Research published five years ago based on the same ASPREE trial showed a similar result: a higher rate of bleeding among those taking low-dose aspirin compared with placebo.

What are the study’s limitations?

• So we don’t know whether the results are translatable to people with different ethnic backgrounds.
• Younger age groups were not studied either, so we cannot make any conclusions about their use of low dose aspirin to prevent stroke.

I’m taking aspirin, what should I do?

• If you’re taking daily low-dose aspirin and are concerned by the results of the study, it’s important you don’t just stop taking your medicine.
• For people who are at high risk of having a stroke, or have previously had one, low-dose aspirin may remain their treatment of choice despite the slight bleeding risk.
• Nial regularly consults to industry on issues to do with medicine risk assessments, manufacturing, design, and testing.

• In most cases, pain and fever relief is as simple as a trip to your local supermarket for some paracetamol or ibuprofen.
• Nurofen is the common brand name for ibuprofen, which is also sold under generic brand names.

Different blocking actions

• While ibuprofen and paracetamol can be taken for similar reasons (pain relief) each works in a slightly different way.
• Ibuprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, which means it acts by blocking the enzymes that produce a group of chemicals called prostaglandins.
• Like ibuprofen, it is thought to act by blocking the enzymes that produce prostaglandins, although through a different mechanism to ibuprofen.

Is one drug better than the other?

• Because they each provide pain relief in different ways, paracetamol can be better at treating some types of pain, while ibuprofen is better at treating other types.
• But be wary of packaging that claims a medication is useful for targeting pain associated with a specific condition as these claims are not true.
• Paracetamol does not reduce inflammation but it is a better choice when fever is associated with the pain, like when you have a cold or flu.

What about taking both or ‘piggybacking’ them at intervals?

• If one pathway does not completely control the pain then it can be useful to target the other one.
• Combination products that contain both paracetamol and ibuprofen in a single tablet include Nuromol and Maxigesic.
• This keeps the levels of the medication in the body more constant and helps to provide more steady pain relief.
• Read more:
  Take care with paracetamol when pregnant — but don't let pain or fever go unchecked

How do the side effects compare?

• These can manifest as nausea, indigestion, bleeding in the stomach, and diarrhoea.
• For this reason, people with a history of bleeding or ulcers in the gut should not take ibuprofen.
• However, you need to be careful when using these medicines to make sure you don’t use more than is recommended.
• Read more:
  The TGA is considering paracetamol restrictions due to poisonings – but what does that mean for consumers?

Both work, both need to be used safely

• Always read the label so you know exactly what products you are using and how much.
• Only take the recommended dose, and if you need to, write down the time you take each dose.
• Your pharmacist or doctor can also advise on the best medicine for your pain and fever and how to use the selected medicine safely.