Blood urea nitrogen

What do your blood test results mean? A toxicologist explains the basics of how to interpret them

Retrieved on: 
Tuesday, February 6, 2024

As part of my work, I rely on various health-related biomarkers, many of which are measured using conventional blood tests.

Key Points: 
  • As part of my work, I rely on various health-related biomarkers, many of which are measured using conventional blood tests.
  • Understanding what common blood tests are intended to measure can help you better interpret the results.
  • If you have results from a recent blood test handy, please follow along.

Normal blood test ranges

  • This range is essentially the upper and lower limits within which most healthy people’s test results are expected to fall.
  • To determine how your test results compare with the normal range, you need to check the reference interval listed on your lab report.
  • If you have results for a given test from different labs, your clinician will likely focus on test trends relative to their reference intervals and not the numerical results themselves.

Interpreting your blood test results

  • There are numerous blood panels intended to test specific aspects of your health.
  • These include panels that look at the cellular components of your blood, biomarkers of kidney and liver function, and many more.
  • This results from either lower than normal levels of red blood cells or a decrease in the quantity or quality of hemoglobin, the protein that allows these cells to transport oxygen.
  • A complete blood count panel measures various components of the blood to provide a comprehensive overview of the cells that make it up.
  • Low values of red blood cell count, or RBC, hemoglobin, or Hb, and hematocrit, or HCT, would indicate that the patient is suffering from anemia.
  • Providing additional information is the basic metabolic panel, or BMP, which measures the amount various substances in your blood.


With results from each of these panels, the health professional would assess the patient’s values relative to their reference intervals and determine which condition they most likely have. Understanding the purpose of blood tests and how to interpret them can help patients partner with their health care providers and become more informed about their health.
Brad Reisfeld does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organization that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

CLEARSTEM Skincare Introduces Its First Ever Acne Lab Test

Retrieved on: 
Tuesday, October 3, 2023

SAN DIEGO, Oct. 3, 2023 /PRNewswire/ -- CLEARSTEM Skincare (CLEARSTEM), the non-toxic, clean skincare brand, announced its telehealth debut with the launch of its CLEARSTEM Acne Lab Test. CLEARSTEM's revolutionary Acne Lab Test introduces a new era of skincare designed to identify consumer's unique root cause(s) of acne and provide a personalized treatment plan. The blood test is currently sold online clearstemskincare.com.

Key Points: 
  • SAN DIEGO, Oct. 3, 2023 /PRNewswire/ -- CLEARSTEM Skincare (CLEARSTEM), the non-toxic, clean skincare brand, announced its telehealth debut with the launch of its CLEARSTEM Acne Lab Test .
  • CLEARSTEM's revolutionary Acne Lab Test introduces a new era of skincare designed to identify consumer's unique root cause(s) of acne and provide a personalized treatment plan.
  • "After years of research we are beyond excited for people to find their exact root cause of acne through our Acne Lab Test and relieve themselves of the constant frustration and mental toll that struggling with acne takes."
  • The CLEARSTEM Acne Lab Test is sold exclusively at clearstemskincare.com for $449, which includes lab tests, personal root cause of acne report, analysis, protocol, blood draw, and three free months of access to membership program.

MTTI Highlights Promising One-Year Follow-Up on EBTATE Treatment of Neuroendocrine Cancer Patients Without Amino Acid Infusion

Retrieved on: 
Wednesday, June 21, 2023

Molecular Targeting Technologies, Inc. (MTTI) announced promising results from a 1-year follow-up on EBTATE (2 cycles, 3.7 GBq/cycle) treatment of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs) without amino acid pretreatment.

Key Points: 
  • Molecular Targeting Technologies, Inc. (MTTI) announced promising results from a 1-year follow-up on EBTATE (2 cycles, 3.7 GBq/cycle) treatment of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs) without amino acid pretreatment.
  • A 4-hour long amino acid cocktail infusion reduces renal absorbed radiation dose, with significant side effects like nausea, vomiting and hyperkalemia.
  • EBTATE administration appears to be safe without amino acid infusion.”
    Chris Pak, President & CEO of MTTI commented, “Amino acid infusion impacts quality of life, access to care, patient compliance to treatment and overall treatment costs.
  • Evaluation of Safety, Biodistribution and Dosimetry of a Long-Acting Radiolabeled Somatostatin Analogue 177Lu-DOTA-EB-TATE (EBTATE) with and without Amino Acid Infusion.

Zoetis Announces U.S. FDA Approval of Librela™ (bedinvetmab injection) to Control Osteoarthritis (OA) Pain in Dogs

Retrieved on: 
Friday, May 5, 2023

Zoetis Inc. (NYSE:ZTS) today announced that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved Librela™ (bedinvetmab injection) for the control of pain associated with osteoarthritis (OA) in dogs.

Key Points: 
  • Zoetis Inc. (NYSE:ZTS) today announced that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved Librela™ (bedinvetmab injection) for the control of pain associated with osteoarthritis (OA) in dogs.
  • Librela is the first and only once-monthly, anti-NGF monoclonal antibody treatment for canine OA pain and is approved as safe and effective in providing long-term control of OA pain symptoms in dogs, which can improve their mobility and overall quality of life.
  • The pain of OA can impact a dog’s physical and emotional health.
  • This once monthly injection works differently from other pain medications – it’s unique mode of action targets Nerve Growth Factor (NGF), a key component of OA pain.

Insights on the Renal Biomarkers Global Market to 2027 - by Biomarker Type, Diagnostic Technique, End-user and Region - ResearchAndMarkets.com

Retrieved on: 
Friday, June 17, 2022

As they also aid in predicting disease progression and computing drug dosage, renal biomarkers find extensive applications in hospitals and diagnostic laboratories across the globe.

Key Points: 
  • As they also aid in predicting disease progression and computing drug dosage, renal biomarkers find extensive applications in hospitals and diagnostic laboratories across the globe.
  • How has the global renal biomarkers market performed so far and how will it perform in the coming years?
  • What has been the impact of COVID-19 on the global renal biomarkers market?
  • What is the structure of the global renal biomarkers market and who are the key players?

Regulus Therapeutics Presents Additional Data from its Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (ADPKD) Program at PKD Connect 2021

Retrieved on: 
Friday, June 25, 2021

Levels of PC1 and PC2 have previously been shown to be inversely correlated with disease severity.

Key Points: 
  • Levels of PC1 and PC2 have previously been shown to be inversely correlated with disease severity.
  • The poster also describes new data from relevant preclinical models showing treatment with RGLS4326 results in increased gene and polycystin levels in vitro.
  • In addition,improvements in key disease markers including serum creatinine and BUN were demonstrated in the Pkd1(F/RC) mouse model that harbors Pkd1 mutation equivalent to human ADPKD.
  • These and other risks are described in additional detail in Regulus' filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

InventHelp Inventor Develops Pocket Bun (LCC-4505)

Retrieved on: 
Friday, May 1, 2020

"This inspired me to develop a better bun which may reduce mess, waste and the cost associated with completing laundry or replacing clothing."

Key Points: 
  • "This inspired me to develop a better bun which may reduce mess, waste and the cost associated with completing laundry or replacing clothing."
  • He developed the MESS FREE BUN that provides a neat and effective way to consume a hot dog.
  • This bun completely encloses and provides more space for the meat and condiments.
  • 18-LCC-4505, InventHelp, 217 Ninth Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15222, or call (412) 288-1300 ext.

Kalorama Information: Picking Up the Pieces from Theranos, Other IVD Companies Aim at "Single Drop" Tests

Retrieved on: 
Tuesday, June 26, 2018

IVD market research firm Kalorama Information notes that several test companies are pursuing just that, and some of them have systems marketed.

Key Points: 
  • IVD market research firm Kalorama Information notes that several test companies are pursuing just that, and some of them have systems marketed.
  • Kalorama's most recent report in Point of Care Diagnostics, covers a wide range ofIVD players, some of whom are making single drop tests.
  • The cartridges tests for around a dozen analytes on a single sample.
  • The company received 510(k) clearance in February 2018 to add blood urea nitrogen and total carbon dioxide tests to its test card.