Intention

What drives people to panic buy during times of crisis: A new study sheds light on the psychology of consumers

Retrieved on: 
Wednesday, November 8, 2023

During the pandemic, this took the form of panic buying as people flocked to stores to stock up on essential goods.

Key Points: 
  • During the pandemic, this took the form of panic buying as people flocked to stores to stock up on essential goods.
  • Some even sought to profit off of shortages by price gouging toilet paper and hand sanitizer.

Psychological traits of consumers

  • We examined the following factors in our study: narcissism, psychological entitlement, status consumption, fear of embarrassment, and fear of missing out.
  • Psychological entitlement refers to the belief that one is inherently deserving of special treatment or privileges.

Unique types of consumers

  • Our study identified four distinct consumer groups, each with unique psychological traits that drove their purchasing habits.
  • Egalitarians displayed low levels of narcissism and psychological entitlement compared to the other groups.
  • Egalitarians are the type of individuals who volunteer at local food banks or participate in community clean-up events.
  • In terms of purchasing, agentic egoists are willing to spend more on items that directly benefit them.
  • For instance, they might buy the last three bottles of an expensive, brand-name cough syrup, without considering that others might need it, too.

What this means for consumers

  • If you’ve ever found yourself filling your shopping cart to the brim in a moment of panic, you’re not alone.
  • Recognizing these traits in ourselves can be a wake-up call, encouraging us to shop more responsibly, especially in times of fear and panic.

What this means for retailers

  • It’s a way to guide businesses in serving communities ethically and effectively, especially in times of crisis.
  • For example, if most of your customers tend to follow the crowd (conformists), consider offering reliable public health information in your stores.
  • As we reflect on the challenges we’ve faced, retailers have an opportunity to plan for a future where their actions benefit not only their business, but society as a whole.


The authors do not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organization that would benefit from this article, and have disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

Egypt's Rafah crossing is a lifeline to Palestinians living in Gaza – but opening it is still unresolved

Retrieved on: 
Tuesday, October 17, 2023

Israel’s siege on the Gaza Strip – after a devastating Hamas attack on Israel – has caused alarm in Egypt.

Key Points: 
  • Israel’s siege on the Gaza Strip – after a devastating Hamas attack on Israel – has caused alarm in Egypt.
  • Egypt shares a 12km-long border with Gaza and controls the main exit point – the Rafah crossing – for the approximately 2 million people living there.

How significant is the Rafah border crossing to both Egypt and the Gaza?

    • This has historically given it an important role to play in the Palestinian-Israeli conflict because it controls one of the two main border crossings for civilians.
    • The Rafah crossing is the only border Gaza has which isn’t directly administered by Israel.
    • Since 2007, Israel has imposed a blockade (over land, sea and air) and an embargo on the Gaza Strip.
    • Egypt has de facto supported Israel’s blockade because the Rafah border is tightly controlled, only opening on an unpredictable and occasional basis.

What does the new outbreak of war mean for the Gaza-Egyptian border?


    The outbreak of the current war between Israel and Hamas, together with other Palestinian resistance factions, highlights three key issues:
    • The openings were sporadic and the conditions for a transit authorisation were unclear.
    • In recent years, Gaza’s residents have depended on the functioning of the Rafah crossing and on the tunnels.
    • Second, a humanitarian opening of the crossing would probably mean the arrival of thousands of displaced Palestinians in Egypt.
    • Most of them won’t have citizen rights and live outside of any legal and humanitarian protection framework.

What should Egypt do given the complexity of the situation?

    • If we rule out an unlikely Egyptian military intervention to stop Israel’s assault on Gaza (which could eventually lead to a larger regional war), Egypt only has two options.
    • Or second, to provide humanitarian assistance to the internally displaced people in the Gaza Strip through safe corridors.
    • Right now the main risk, which Egypt must bear in mind when making this decision, is the immense loss of life facing Gazans.

As Dark Side of the Moon: Redux shows, when it comes to lyrics, less is usually more

Retrieved on: 
Tuesday, October 17, 2023

“You have to listen to the notes she doesn’t play,” Lisa says in the music’s defence.

Key Points: 
  • “You have to listen to the notes she doesn’t play,” Lisa says in the music’s defence.
  • The scene is meant to poke fun at the perceived pomposity of jazz, but it got me thinking about lyrics instead.
  • Which brings me to the recently released Dark Side of The Moon: Redux by former Pink Floyd front man Roger Waters.

Revisiting Dark Side of the Moon

    • He’s gone mad” – before launching straight into the opening line: “The lunatic is on the grass.” This positions himself as said “lunatic”, instead of – as the original does – allowing the listener to wonder who the subject is (former Pink Floyd bandmate Syd Barrett?
    • The media?
    • Humanity in general?)

The problem with overwriting

    • He chooses to replace the largely wordless original track with a monologue about a friend who died of cancer.
    • Waters is explicitly telling us the meaning, and as a result, he risks losing our engagement altogether.
    • In Redux, Waters goes from the extreme of understatement in his earlier work to the extreme of overstatement and overwriting.
    • Cut through the noise with a carefully curated selection of the latest releases, live events and exhibitions, straight to your inbox every fortnight, on Fridays.

Egypt's Rafah crossing is a lifeline to Palestinians living in Gaza - but opening it is still unresolved

Retrieved on: 
Tuesday, October 17, 2023

Israel’s siege on the Gaza Strip – after a devastating Hamas attack on Israel – has caused alarm in Egypt.

Key Points: 
  • Israel’s siege on the Gaza Strip – after a devastating Hamas attack on Israel – has caused alarm in Egypt.
  • Egypt shares a 12km-long border with Gaza and controls the main exit point – the Rafah crossing – for the approximately 2 million people living there.

How significant is the Rafah border crossing to both Egypt and the Gaza?

    • This has historically given it an important role to play in the Palestinian-Israeli conflict because it controls one of the two main border crossings for civilians.
    • The Rafah crossing is the only border Gaza has which isn’t directly administered by Israel.
    • Since 2007, Israel has imposed a blockade (over land, sea and air) and an embargo on the Gaza Strip.
    • Egypt has de facto supported Israel’s blockade because the Rafah border is tightly controlled, only opening on an unpredictable and occasional basis.

What does the new outbreak of war mean for the Gaza-Egyptian border?


    The outbreak of the current war between Israel and Hamas, together with other Palestinian resistance factions, highlights three key issues:
    • The openings were sporadic and the conditions for a transit authorisation were unclear.
    • In recent years, Gaza’s residents have depended on the functioning of the Rafah crossing and on the tunnels.
    • Second, a humanitarian opening of the crossing would probably mean the arrival of thousands of displaced Palestinians in Egypt.
    • Most of them won’t have citizen rights and live outside of any legal and humanitarian protection framework.

What should Egypt do given the complexity of the situation?

    • If we rule out an unlikely Egyptian military intervention to stop Israel’s assault on Gaza (which could eventually lead to a larger regional war), Egypt only has two options.
    • Or second, to provide humanitarian assistance to the internally displaced people in the Gaza Strip through safe corridors.
    • Right now the main risk, which Egypt must bear in mind when making this decision, is the immense loss of life facing Gazans.

The worldwide consultations for the global synod reflect Pope Francis' efforts toward building a more inclusive Catholic Church

Retrieved on: 
Wednesday, October 4, 2023

The Synod of Bishops was established by Pope Paul VI in 1965 as a permanent body in the Catholic Church, although its members do not meet on a regular schedule.

Key Points: 
  • The Synod of Bishops was established by Pope Paul VI in 1965 as a permanent body in the Catholic Church, although its members do not meet on a regular schedule.
  • It specifically refers to a meeting of selected bishops from around the world to advise the pope on matters of governance.
  • Paul VI instituted the Synod of Bishops as a way for Catholic bishops to exercise this authority.

A more open church?

    • The pope can also call an extraordinary meeting to discuss a more pressing topic and problem.
    • Catholics from around the world were invited to meet in their local dioceses, pray together and discuss questions about their church.
    • This meeting is therefore significant because it pictures the Catholic Church not as a top-down hierarchy but rather as an open conversation.
    • As Francis himself puts it, the synod offers an opportunity “of moving not occasionally but structurally towards a synodal church, an open square where all can feel at home and participate.”

Working document

    • This number will include representatives of religious orders and other Catholic organizations, as well as theologians from Catholic universities.
    • Those gathered in Rome will meet in both large sessions known as “general congregations” and small working groups, divided by the synod’s official languages – Italian, English, Spanish, French and Portuguese.
    • The working document outlines four broad areas of discussion: synodality, communion, mission and participation.

Francis’ leadership style

    • This Synod of Bishops reflects Francis’ style of leadership and his vision of the Catholic Church for the future.
    • Francis himself has modeled a different version of the papal office by rejecting many customs that he associates with clericalism.
    • For example, he has continued to live in a modest apartment rather than in the Vatican palace.

Is marriage modern? Anna Kate Blair's novel poses the question, but doesn't answer it

Retrieved on: 
Tuesday, October 3, 2023

This is the circuitous premise of Australian writer Anna Kate Blair’s debut novel, The Modern, set in contemporary New York and centred on the life, half-loves and near-loves of Sophia, an Australian research fellow at MoMA (the Museum of Modern Art).

Key Points: 
  • This is the circuitous premise of Australian writer Anna Kate Blair’s debut novel, The Modern, set in contemporary New York and centred on the life, half-loves and near-loves of Sophia, an Australian research fellow at MoMA (the Museum of Modern Art).
  • Review: The Modern – Anna Kate Blair (Scribner) Sophia’s engagement shakes out a constellation of loose questions about potential choices, possibilities and limitations.
  • When Robert departs, Sophia meets the mercurial, filament-like Cara, an unlikely assistant in a little-frequented New York wedding boutique.

Is marriage modern?

    • The question “Is marriage modern?” is less the fulcrum of Sophia’s personal narrative than, increasingly, a perplexing nonsense rhyme, or rhetorical question weighed down by its own glowering question mark.
    • Is marriage modern?
    • In the context of same-sex marriage, which Blair touches upon, marriage is modern, so long as you don’t drill down to its ideological underpinnings: the history of marriage as property transfer, its requisite reproductive labour, the spectacle of grim-lipped, decades-long resentments sustained under the oath of “til death do us part”.
    • By what barometer might we gauge “modernity” in marriage?

Smacked in the face by a dress

    • A flounce-ridden, gorgeously deep-red wedding dress in a Moonee Ponds wedding boutique window.
    • For one second, I entertained the idea of a wedding, but only because of that dress.
    • But the phenomenon itself – the overweening presence of the wedding dress in young women’s lives – remains under-explored.

Modern art ‘at every turn’

    • If the novel’s central question is not answered or adequately dissected, questions of modernity in art are more fulsomely, if curatorially, examined.
    • The Modern tosses “modern” artists and art at the reader at every turn, assuming a familiarity with art history on the reader’s part.
    • The Modern overflows with ideas: musings on modern art, and on the masculinist orientation of art institutions, in which female curatorial assistants doggedly do the work their male supervisors put their names to.

Curated, rather than known

    • She is curated rather than known; she’s a collection of iterations.
    • Perhaps this is Blair’s intention: Hartigan as surface, knowable only through her work, her private self inured to the public gaze.
    • But every character in The Modern feels somewhat like a bit-part: fleeting, insubstantial, or, in Robert’s case, downright wooden.

Threats of failure motivate some students – but it's not a technique to use on the whole class

Retrieved on: 
Wednesday, September 27, 2023

For example, teachers might point out how good grades can lead to access to college courses, apprenticeships, and the workplace.

Key Points: 
  • For example, teachers might point out how good grades can lead to access to college courses, apprenticeships, and the workplace.
  • And in dwelling on the importance of GCSEs, teachers may also use messages that focus on the possible negative effects of failure.
  • Fear appeals
    Messages from teachers that focus on failure are known as “fear appeals”: they can create a strong fear of failure in students.
  • One way to do this is to give students a greater feeling of control over their learning and exams.

Marina Abramović retrospective celebrates the grand dame of performance art – but questions the genre's future

Retrieved on: 
Wednesday, September 27, 2023

The Serbian artist stood naked next to a table on which she had arranged 72 objects associated with pleasure and pain.

Key Points: 
  • The Serbian artist stood naked next to a table on which she had arranged 72 objects associated with pleasure and pain.
  • They included a bunch of grapes, a jar of honey, a feather, a whip, chains, a scalpel and a gun.
  • Accompanying text instructed the audience: “There are 72 objects on the table that one can use on me as desired.
  • I am the object.” The performance, entitled Rhythm 0, lasted for six hours, during which Abramović was tickled, cut, written on and chained.
  • Half a century later, Abramović is the celebrated grand dame of live, performance, or body art.

The limits of re-staging

    • They are avatars for Ulay and Abramović in the 1977 performance Imponderbilia.
    • Intending to photograph the silhouetted profiles the pair cast on the floor, I reached for my phone, only to be admonished by a security guard.
    • This absurd interaction reinforced the limits of re-staged performance art.

Transitory objects

    • These are made from materials associated with healing that you might expect to encounter in a wellness spa: crystals, green onyx, chamomile flowers.
    • Abramović claims these objects induce feelings of transcendence when they are stepped into, lain on or leaned upon.
    • The objects are theatrically lit so that anyone interacting with them becomes part of the exhibition spectacle.

Ontario's Greenbelt is safe for now, but will the scandal alter Doug Ford's course?

Retrieved on: 
Tuesday, September 26, 2023

The first was failing to recognize the Greenbelt, established by the previous Liberal government in 2005, had acquired an iconic status in the minds of residents of the region.

Key Points: 
  • The first was failing to recognize the Greenbelt, established by the previous Liberal government in 2005, had acquired an iconic status in the minds of residents of the region.
  • The Greenbelt was based on earlier Niagara Escarpment and Oak Ridges Moraine conservation plans, both adopted by Progressive Conservative governments.

Ford’s future now in doubt?

    • Even after the resignations of the housing minister and his chief of staff at the height of the scandal, Ford wouldn’t back down.
    • But the political damage suffered by the government through this period is starting to seem profound and the fallout is certain to continue:


    Although the next provincial election is nearly three years away, the Greenbelt scandal has raised serious questions about the viability of Ford’s own future as premier.

    Read more:
    Doug Ford's Greenbelt scandal: The beginning of the end of his years in power?

Greenbelt is out of the woods

    • The political fallout so far almost ensures no politician in Ontario will make similar moves against the Greenbelt for a generation or more.
    • The Greenbelt scandal has also vividly illustrated how badly the province has mishandled housing and development issues.

Undoing the damage

    • A complete overhaul of the land-use planning system is now needed to undo the damage done by the Ford government, restore the system’s credibility and address the province’s housing needs effectively.
    • Evidence backed by expert research, reason and basic democratic principles of transparency and accountability all need to be returned to the system.

Challenges ahead

    • The Ford government has apparently been intent on dismantling the growth plan as well as the Greenbelt.
    • The Greenbelt fiasco has been an enormous distraction from these challenges — and it remains doubtful that the Ford government can significantly change its approach to governance to address them effectively.