The ethics of recruiting international health-care workers: Canada’s gains could mean another country’s pain
While the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the COVID-19 Public Health Emergency over in May 2023, Canada’s health workforce crisis has no end in sight.
- While the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the COVID-19 Public Health Emergency over in May 2023, Canada’s health workforce crisis has no end in sight.
- As researchers with the Canadian Health Workforce Network, we see the roots of this crisis in poor workforce planning and the inadequate integration of immigrant health workers.
Canada’s health workforce crisis is more than a national issue
- This voluntary code was agreed to by all member states in 2010.
- Its key principles are ethical recruitment, a commitment to planning and international co-operation.
Why is the WHO Code important to reflect upon now?
Recent Canadian health workforce reports identify the recruitment and integration of internationally educated health personnel (IEHPs) as part of the solution to the health worker crisis. The Parliamentary Standing Committee on Health held hearings on addressing Canada’s health workforce crisis, and the top four recommendations from its March 2023 report all referenced IEHPs:
The Canadian Academy of Health Sciences report also offers “pathways forward to ease the health workforce crisis,” including improving the integration of IEHPs.
Provincial recruiting strategies
- Saskatchewan launched an international health worker pool for Provincial Nominee Program candidates.
- Manitoba started recruiting health-care workers directly from the Philippines.
- Nova Scotia has recruited 65 refugees from Kenyan refugee camps who will be employed in the continuing care sector.
How compatible are these practices with the WHO Code?
- However, recruiting health workers from countries on the WHO’s safeguard list without robust and reciprocal benefits for the countries sending them fails the ethical test.
- Merging employment and refugee selection channels also suggests ethical concerns beyond health workforce issues, since refugee systems are based on the vulnerability individuals face, not their occupational compatibility.
- Canada’s ability to approach self-sufficiency is limited by its lack of robust plans, and by the lack of data to support planning.