Agricultural economics

The macroeconomic effects of global supply chain reorientation

Retrieved on: 
Saturday, February 10, 2024
Bank, Control, Quarterly Journal of Economics, Literature, Deutsche Bundesbank, Reconstruction, COVID-19, Monetary policy, Medical classification, Aggregate, Interest, Hail, Motion, Organization, WT, Policy, Smith, Elasticity, American Economic Review, Information, CHiPs, Journal of Economic Perspectives, Reproduction, Tagliapietra, Culture, Journal of International Economics, Section 3, European Commission, Communication, B16, Shock, NTM, European Chips Act, SSC, PHT, B17, Classification, Common, Tradability, Bank of Italy, Congressional Research Service, NT, Central bank, Private, Exercise, NIU, Labour, PDF, Website, European Parliament, Terrorism, Employment, B10, SUBST, Agricultural economics, F62, RTK, Bank of England, European Central Bank, Calibration, Agriculture, Foreign policy, Semiconductor, International Monetary Fund, Research Papers in Economics, Outline, Council, Openness, Bias, Economic system, European Council, Public policy, Deutsch, Statistics, GDP, Real, American Economic Journal, Table, Journal, YT, EAGLE, Household, Grossman, Science, Conference, Journal of Comparative Economics, Horse, SSRN, TC, Consumption, REA, F13, Section 2, University, Section 5, Legislation, Money, NTD, Central Bank of Ireland, Language, Capital, University of Limerick, Intermediate, CBI, Caselli, Macroeconomics, Crowding, Technical report, B14, Tax, Civil service commission, Growth, Commission, UNCTAD, Optimism, Politics, PIM, PX, Work, Social science, JEL, Government, Automation, HTT, Quarterly Journal, Canadian International Council, ECB, XT, METRO, ELAS, Credit, Bolt, Research, European Communities, American Journal, ArXiv, Unilateralism, Lerner, Motivation, International, C6, Committee, Security (finance)

We analyse the macroeconomic

Key Points: 
    • We analyse the macroeconomic
      effects of supply chain reorientation through localisation policies, using a global dynamic
      general equilibrium model.
    • While arguments about comparative advantage, the potential forgone benefits of international specialisation and industry- and product-specific disruptions are familiar, there is less
      analysis on the macroeconomic effects of supply chain changes resulting from localisation policies.
    • The large sensitivity of the global economy to the recent supply chain shocks suggests that
      the international trade reconfiguration implied by localisation policies could also have sizable
      impacts on key macroeconomic variables such as output, employment and inflation.
    • Thus, localisation focuses on the
      goods in our model most closely related to global supply chains.
    • Retaliation also attenuates any positive effects from
      reshoring on output and implies a reduction in the volume of overall international trade.
    • This finding calls for limiting the scope of reshoring, such as by focusing on vital goods that are
      most susceptible to supply chain disruptions.
    • Either that, or the economic costs are considered a worthwhile trade-off for an increase
      in security of supply, for example.
    • While arguments about comparative advantage, the potential forgone benefits of international specialisation and industry- and product-specific disruptions are familiar, there is less
      analysis on the macroeconomic effects of supply chain changes resulting from localisation policies.
    • Recent supply chain shocks have had large effects, with disruptions in 2021 estimated
      to have reduced euro area GDP by around two percent and doubled the rate of manufacturing producer inflation (Celasun et al., 2022).
    • To analyse this issue, we simulate a (partial) reshoring of production back to Europe in
      a global dynamic general equilibrium framework.
    • Thus,
      localisation focuses on the goods in our model most closely related to global supply chains.3 We
      model reshoring through a direct change to the export goods? production-function parameters.
    • Since reshoring
      effectively shortens the supply chain, the sum of markups along the chain falls.
    • This means that imports that are at the end of the supply chain (i.e.
    • In particular, our work relates to papers examining the potential for countries to reduce
      their exposure to global supply chains.
    • (2021) demonstrate that reduced reliance on foreign inputs does not mitigate pandemicinduced contractions in labour supply.
    • (2021) find no evidence of a relationship
      between global value chain integration and macroeconomic volatility.
    • This dynamic, along with factors such as natural disasters, climate-change
      induced volatility and terrorism mean that supply chain disruptions could be a new normal
      (Grossman et al., 2021).
    • Our work contributes to the literature providing dynamic general equilibrium analyses of
      protectionist policies, in particular those using global macroeconomic models to quantify trade
      policy changes.
    • (2008) analyse the effect of a rise in protectionism in response
      to rising global trade imbalances.
    • Linde? and Pescatori (2019) find that although the macroeconomic costs of a
      trade war are substantial, a fully symmetric retaliation is the best response.
    • (2020) consider a rich input-output structure and demonstrate that closer integration amplifies
      the adverse effects of protectionist trade policies.
    • Several recent studies have also examined the economic effects of a global trade fragmentation.
    • First, we modify a dynamic general
      equilibrium model of the global economy in order to analyse the transmission of localisation
      policies.
    • This allows for a comprehensive treatment of cross-border macroeconomic interdependences and spillovers between the different regions.
    • 4

      There is, however, substantial cross-country heterogeneity in terms of impact, with small open economies
      (SOEs) reliant on global supply chains more affected.

    • ECB Working Paper Series No 2903

      7

      Second, we are able to assess both long-run effects and the transition dynamics of localisation
      policies.

    • Our model contains a detailed monetary block and captures inflation dynamics, which is a key
      concern for supply chain reorientation.
    • Overall, our paper contains a careful analysis of the key aspects of the localisation debate,
      including effects of localisation on domestic competition and efficiency.
    • Section 2 provides a brief overview of the model, the modifications to examine
      global supply chain reorientation, some key details on the calibration and a brief discussion of
      the nature of our exercise.
    • (2020) for discussions of the relative strengths and weaknesses of
      trade and macroeconomic models in assessing large economic shocks.
    • 2.1

      Supply chain reorientation

      Our analysis focuses on imported inputs used to produce goods for export, as the introduction
      of localisation policies is in response to recent disruptions to global supply chains.

    • Since reshoring
      effectively shortens the supply chain, the sum of markups along the chain falls.
    • Further to
      these effects, engagement with global firms provides an opportunity for knowledge spillovers to
      local firms (Criscuolo et al., 2017).
    • This finding calls for limiting the scope of reshoring, such as by focusing on vital goods that are
      most susceptible to supply chain disruptions.
    • (B12)

      Adjusting the share of local inputs in export goods, of course, affects prices and quantities all
      along the supply chain.

Geron Corporation Announces Appointment of Gaurav Aggarwal, M.D., to its Board of Directors

Retrieved on: 
Tuesday, November 28, 2023

Geron Corporation (Nasdaq: GERN), a late-stage clinical biopharmaceutical company, today announced the appointment of Gaurav Aggarwal, M.D., to the Company’s Board of Directors.

Key Points: 
  • Geron Corporation (Nasdaq: GERN), a late-stage clinical biopharmaceutical company, today announced the appointment of Gaurav Aggarwal, M.D., to the Company’s Board of Directors.
  • “Geron’s tremendous science, expertise, clinical results and readiness to bring their first-in-class investigational telomerase inhibitor to the market have made this a very exciting time to join the Board,” said Dr. Aggarwal.
  • Dr. Aggarwal received his MD from Columbia University, College of Physicians & Surgeons, and his BS in Agricultural Economics from Cornell University.
  • Dr. Aggarwal will serve as an independent Board member for Geron; his appointment to the Geron Board was not associated with an investment made either by him or by any investment firm.

WeLASER, CLOSER TO PESTICIDE-FREE AGRICULTURE

Retrieved on: 
Monday, December 18, 2023

MADRID, Dec. 18, 2023 /PRNewswire/ -- After 3 years of work, an international partnership has realised a precision weeding tool proving that herbicide free agriculture is at hand.

Key Points: 
  • MADRID, Dec. 18, 2023 /PRNewswire/ -- After 3 years of work, an international partnership has realised a precision weeding tool proving that herbicide free agriculture is at hand.
  • Once targeted through the scanner, it directs the high-powered fibre laser source to that meristem.
  • This fast modulation concept allows precise energy pulses to be directed for highly efficient weed treatment.
  • WeLASER opens up a reliable and safe option and offers breakthroughs to solve a global problem".

WeLASER, CLOSER TO PESTICIDE-FREE AGRICULTURE

Retrieved on: 
Monday, December 18, 2023

MADRID, Dec. 18, 2023 /PRNewswire/ -- After 3 years of work, an international partnership has realised a precision weeding tool proving that herbicide free agriculture is at hand.

Key Points: 
  • MADRID, Dec. 18, 2023 /PRNewswire/ -- After 3 years of work, an international partnership has realised a precision weeding tool proving that herbicide free agriculture is at hand.
  • Once targeted through the scanner, it directs the high-powered fibre laser source to that meristem.
  • This fast modulation concept allows precise energy pulses to be directed for highly efficient weed treatment.
  • WeLASER opens up a reliable and safe option and offers breakthroughs to solve a global problem".

Nudging Farmers Towards Low-pesticide Practices: Evidence from a Randomized Experiment in Viticulture

Retrieved on: 
Thursday, December 7, 2023

MILWAUKEE, Dec. 7, 2023 /PRNewswire-PRWeb/ -- Reducing pesticide use and the associated risks is a key policy objective globally. In the European Union and in Switzerland, for example, the ambitious objective is to reduce pesticide use risks by 50% within this decade. Given the large share of pesticides used in grapevine production (ca. 30% from all pesticides sprayed in Switzerland and the European Union), increasing the use of fungus-resistant varieties which require considerably fewer pesticides treatments (around 80% less) may be a key entry point towards reaching this goal.

Key Points: 
  • In the European Union and in Switzerland, for example, the ambitious objective is to reduce pesticide use risks by 50% within this decade.
  • The authors say, "We find that providing personalized information to a large and heterogeneous group has no impact on the intended plantation share.
  • However, when providing farmers with personalized information it is crucial to consider their perceptions about the treatment (i.e.
  • If you are interested in setting up an interview, please contact Allison Ware in the AAEA Business Office.

How Agronomic Design is helping farmers: A Sustainable Year story

Retrieved on: 
Thursday, September 28, 2023

Taking all these factors into account, Agronomic Design helps farmers maximize the yield potential of every crop in their field.

Key Points: 
  • Taking all these factors into account, Agronomic Design helps farmers maximize the yield potential of every crop in their field.
  • Our products are designed to help farmers increase their productivity in the most efficient and sustainable way possible.
  • Read the full story in A Sustainable Year at: bit.ly/ CNH_AgronomicDesign
    CNH Industrial (NYSE: CNHI / MI: CNHI) is a world-class equipment and services company.
  • For more information and the latest financial and sustainability reports visit: cnhindustrial.com
    For news from CNH Industrial and its Brands visit: media.cnhindustrial.com

Nudging Farmers Towards Low-pesticide Practices: Evidence from a Randomized Experiment in Viticulture

Retrieved on: 
Monday, September 25, 2023

MILWAUKEE, Sept. 25, 2023 /PRNewswire-PRWeb/ -- Reducing pesticide use and the associated risks is a key policy objective globally. In the European Union and in Switzerland, for example, the ambitious objective is to reduce pesticide use risks by 50% within this decade. Given the large share of pesticides used in grapevine production (ca. 30% from all pesticides sprayed in Switzerland and the European Union), increasing the use of fungus-resistant varieties which require considerably fewer pesticides treatments (around 80% less) may be a key entry point towards reaching this goal.

Key Points: 
  • In the European Union and in Switzerland, for example, the ambitious objective is to reduce pesticide use risks by 50% within this decade.
  • The authors say, "We find that providing personalized information to a large and heterogeneous group has no impact on the intended plantation share.
  • However, when providing farmers with personalized information it is crucial to consider their perceptions about the treatment (i.e.
  • If you are interested in setting up an interview, please contact Allison Ware in the AAEA Business Office.

Moore retires from Bank of Botetourt's Board of Directors; Kessinger elected as new Chair & Hayth re-elected Vice-Chair

Retrieved on: 
Thursday, May 25, 2023

The Bank's resiliency over the past four decades is a direct reflection of the leadership within our Bank family.

Key Points: 
  • The Bank's resiliency over the past four decades is a direct reflection of the leadership within our Bank family.
  • He believed in the Bank and its leaders back when it was $16 million in assets and one branch (Buchanan).
  • The Board of Directors voted to elect Joyce R. Kessinger as Chair, re-elect G. Lyn Hayth, III as Vice-Chair.
  • The Board of Directors also voted to reappoint Bank CEO G. Lyn Hayth, III, as its Vice Chair.

Moving Policies Toward Racial and Ethnic Equality: The Case of the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program

Retrieved on: 
Monday, May 22, 2023

MILWAUKEE, May 22, 2023 /PRNewswire-PRWeb/ -- A new study published in the American Journal of Agricultural Economics finds that a hypothetical 20% increase in Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) benefits would reduce the financial disparity in the resources needed to meet basic food needs by 6% for Black and 3% for Hispanic households, relative to White households. While SNAP helps all households meet their food needs, current SNAP support levels leave Black ($92.85) and Hispanic households ($58.57) with a higher weekly food resource gap than White households.

Key Points: 
  • While SNAP helps all households meet their food needs, current SNAP support levels leave Black ($92.85) and Hispanic households ($58.57) with a higher weekly food resource gap than White households.
  • In the new article " Moving Policies Toward Racial and Ethnic Equality: The Case of the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program ," the authors Alfonso Flores-Lagunes and Hugo Jales (Syracuse University), along with Judith Liu (University of Oklahoma) and the AAEA President Norbert Wilson (Duke University), explored whether adjusting the generosity, eligibility, and participation rates of the SNAP could reduce the existing inequality in the food resource gap.
  • The authors say, "For all SNAP participants, the program helps to close the financial resource gap so that households can better meet their basic food needs.
  • If you are interested in setting up an interview, please contact Allison Ware in the AAEA Business Office.

ASB Names New Executive Director

Retrieved on: 
Thursday, February 16, 2023

“Kristen’s extensive experience in board and committee governance, event management, as well as leading teams and organizations through transformational change made her the ideal candidate to shepherd ASB into a new era,” said Brittny Ohr, ASB Board Chairman and Chairman of the Executive Search Committee.

Key Points: 
  • “Kristen’s extensive experience in board and committee governance, event management, as well as leading teams and organizations through transformational change made her the ideal candidate to shepherd ASB into a new era,” said Brittny Ohr, ASB Board Chairman and Chairman of the Executive Search Committee.
  • in Public Relations and Marketing, started her first week at ASB meeting with industry partners.
  • Van Amburg has served the association industry since 2006, with 13 of those years at ASB.
  • ASB represents members who are either engaged in, involved with, or interested in wholesale or large-scale bakery production, grain science, engineering, research, quality assurance and food safety.