Luminescence

• The business filed a PMA supplement with the FDA for enhancements to its imaging system last year and the new ergonomic, wireless, handheld imaging device is now approved for commercialization.
• The two executives have extensive experience in the dental and medical device space.
• The US roll out will begin with a limited release launch in the greater Boston area in early 2024.
• An integrated intra-oral sensor within the Calcivis imaging device immediately detects the luminescence (light flash) and presents clinicians with a chairside demineralization map.

• XIAMEN, China, Dec. 11, 2023 /PRNewswire/ -- On November 27th, Tianma Innovation Conference (TIC) 2023 was held in Xiamen with the theme of INNOVATION TO INSPIRE, A WONDEROUS FUTURE.
• Based on this, Tianma announced its latest SFT (Super Fine TFT-LCD), SFO (Super Fine OLED) and SFM (Super Fine Micro/Mini-LED) technology platforms.
• At present, the pursuit of the ultimate "screen-to-body ratio" continues to be driven by cell phone screen manufacturers' unremitting efforts.
• The dynamic bending OLED technology released by Tianma has once again revolutionized people's thinking about automotive displays.

• Little is known, however, about the pathways of these migrations.
• Our evidence suggests this valley had a riverine and wetland zone that would have provided ideal passage for hunter-gatherers as they moved out of Africa and deep into the Levant and Arabia.

Wandering out of Africa

• Researchers hypothesise humans migrating out of Africa would have used platforms in the eastern Sahara, the Nile River Valley, or the margins of the western Red Sea.
• From there, these small bands of hunter-gatherers would have passed into the Sinai – a land bridge connecting Africa with the rest of Asia – following migrating animals and hunting a variety of them for sustenance.
• For many of these hunter-gatherers, the next stop on the journey would have been the southern portion of the Jordan Rift Valley.

When Arabia was a verdant land

• Our findings from sedimentary sections ranging 5 to 12 metres in thickness showed ecosystem fluctuations over time, including cycles of dry and humid environments.
• We also found evidence for the presence of ancient rivers and wetlands.
• Luminescence dating showed the sedimentary environments formed between 125,000 and 43,000 years ago, suggesting there had been multiple wet intervals.
• Towards the south, fieldwork in northern Saudi Arabia has also demonstrated a network of rivers and lakes was once present in the region.

Multiple migrations into South-West Asia

• Our findings from the Jordan Rift Valley indicate there were multiple early human migrations from Africa, and into Asia, during favourable conditions.
• Our results also suggest, together with the Levantine and Arabian evidence, that hunter-gatherers used inland river and wetland systems as they crossed South-West Asia.
• Although ancient DNA evidence indicates Homo sapiens interbred with Neanderthals and Denisovans multiple times as they spread into Asia, on-the-ground evidence for these encounters has generally been lacking.

• Evidence suggests that a forest of spruce trees, buzzing with insects, covered the southern part of Greenland.
• Scientists have known for awhile that the Greenland ice sheet had mostly disappeared at some point in the past million years, but not precisely when.
• In a new study in the journal Science,
  we determined the date, using frozen soil extracted during the Cold War from beneath a nearly mile-thick section of the Greenland ice sheet.

A world preserved under the ice

• In July 1966, American scientists and U.S. Army engineers completed a six-year effort to drill through the Greenland ice sheet.
• The drill site in northwest Greenland was 138 miles from the coast and underlain by 4,560 feet of ice.
• Once they reached the bottom of the ice, the team kept drilling 12 more feet into the frozen, rocky soil below.
• Extended cold glacial periods when the ice expanded quickly gave way to warm interglacial periods when the ice melted and sea level rose, flooding coastal areas around the world.

Dating ancient rock, twigs and dirt

• To determine more precisely when the ice sheet melted away, one of us, Tammy Rittenour, used a technique known as luminescence dating.
• Over time, minerals accumulate energy as radioactive elements like uranium, thorium, and potassium decay and release radiation.
• Water from that melting ice raised global sea level at least 5 feet and perhaps as much as 20 feet compared to today.

Warnings for the future

• During the MIS 11 interglacial, Earth was warm and ice sheets were restricted to the high latitudes, a lot like today.
• Carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere remained between 265 and 280 parts per million for about 30,000 years.
• Over these 30 millennia, that level of carbon dioxide triggered enough warming to melt much of the Greenland’s ice.
• Unless people dramatically lower the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, evidence we found of Greenland’s past suggests a largely ice-free future for the island.