The rise of African prophets: the unchecked power of the leaders of Pentecostal churches
Charismatic Pentecostal prophets are known for leading megachurches like these that emphasise faith healing, health and wealth.
- Charismatic Pentecostal prophets are known for leading megachurches like these that emphasise faith healing, health and wealth.
- A 2022 study conducted in 34 African countries confirmed this trend: 69% of respondents trusted religious leaders; 51% trusted their president.
- Many followers believe it would be a demotion for a prophet to run for president because a prophet anoints leaders.
- As an anthropologist who studies charismatic Pentecostal churches, particularly in Zimbabwe, I’ve carried out research on the power exercised by prophets.
The prophets
- Charismatic Pentecostal churches are built around prophets who are viewed as possessing special gifts to mediate between humanity and God.
- It’s common practice for charismatic Pentecostal prophets to threaten doubters with eternal condemnation, ailments or poverty.
- Charismatic Pentecostal prophets are popular for their ability to heal ailments.
Big money
- But charismatic Pentecostal movements, in general, lack transparency and accountability in managing “free will” donations.
- With vast financial resources that aren’t taxed, charismatic Pentecostal prophets’ lavish lifestyles serve as “proof” of the prosperity gospel they preach – that faith attracts money – while their followers pool resources to finance church operations.
Political connections
- Post-colonial political leaders in Africa largely view charismatic Pentecostal prophets as allies.
- Relations with political leaders often span several countries, extending the network and influence of prophets beyond national borders.
- Allegations of rape, corruption and fraud against prophets can be leniently dealt with due to these connections and protection.
Media empires
- Charismatic Pentecostal prophets have an impact on the Africa media landscape through powerful television and social media presence.
- These media channels are also spaces for shaping and managing the public image of prophets – and can be used to counter harmful allegations against them.
Members
- Pentecostal members form an army of foot soldiers who engage in recruiting new followers.
- Charismatic Pentecostal communities are tightly knit and coalesce around the men of God.
- Relations between the clergy and laity are framed around familial bonds, with the prophet as the spiritual father or “Daddy”.
- More than other religious groupings, charismatic Pentecostal prophets preside over economies that systemically facilitate the distribution of food, clothes, money and jobs within the church – often in the form of church donations to members considered poor.
Josiah Taru has previously received research funding from the Wellcome Trust and the Andrew Mellon Foundation.