Endometriosis

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• Yet many people have never heard of this condition, despite it affecting as many as one in five women.
• The severity of symptoms varies between patients – up to one-third of women with adenomyosis may have minimal or no symptoms at all.
• Women with adenomyosis who do become pregnant have an increased risk of miscarriage, pre-term delivery, pre-eclampsia and bleeding after delivery.

What causes adenomyosis?

• In people with adenomyosis, endometrium-like cells are found in the wrong place – the myometrium.
• Although a large number of women with adenomyosis have endometriosis as well, adenomyosis is a distinct disease from endometriosis.
• Read more:
  Adenomyosis causes pain, heavy periods and infertility but you've probably never heard of it

Diagnosis options are changing and improving

• Recent years have seen increased diagnoses with the development of imaging technologies such as MRI and detailed pelvic ultrasound.
• Although adenomyosis is now commonly identified without the need for a hysterectomy, doctors are still working towards developing a standardised method for non-surgical diagnosis.

Adenomyosis is a complex condition

• Adenomyosis can be further classified depending on the depth of endometrial-like tissue invasion into the myometrium.
• We don’t yet understand why some women develop adenomyosis, though evidence shows there is an increasing prevalence with age.
• It’s possible that a variety of mechanisms may contribute, and that there is not one common disease-causing factor behind adenomyosis.

How is adenomyosis treated?

• Treatments that work for some women don’t for others, adding weight to the argument that there’s more than one type of adenomyosis.
• Treatment strategies should be tailored to patients, depending on their fertility wishes and symptoms.
• If medical treatments are not providing adequate relief from symptoms, there are surgical options, namely removal of the focal lesions or a hysterectomy.

What lies ahead?

• There is also a lack of knowledge and awareness around adenomyosis among many healthcare professionals and the public.
• This needs to change so we can improve our understanding of the condition, diagnosis and treatment options.