Adaptive immune system

I'm over 65 and worried about the flu. Which vaccine should I have?

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Thursday, June 1, 2023
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It can cause the sudden onset of a fever, cough, runny nose, sore throat, headache, muscle and joint pain.

Key Points: 
  • It can cause the sudden onset of a fever, cough, runny nose, sore throat, headache, muscle and joint pain.
  • In Australia, the flu is responsible for more than 5,000 hospitalisation and 100 deaths a year.
  • To combat the decline in immunity as we age, specific vaccines are available for people aged 65 and over.

Remind me, how does the immune system work?

    • The immune system uses multiple mechanisms to fight viral infections, which can be divided into two major arms of the immune system, called innate and adaptive immunity.
    • Innate immunity involves multiple inflammatory cells and chemicals that are triggered immediately, or within hours of encountering an infection.

Why are older people more at risk from the flu?

    • This immune system decline is called immunosenescence, which leads to increased susceptibility, hospitalisation and death from influenza.
    • Certain medical conditions, such as cancer and heart and lung conditions, increase susceptibility to severe influenza, with older people being more likely to have additional medical conditions than younger people.

What flu vaccines are available?

    • Annual flu vaccines are recommended to protect against the common circulating strains of influenza, which can differ from year to year.
    • The standard flu vaccines offered to adults aged under 65 consist of surface proteins of the virus or inactivated (killed) virus from four influenza strains: two A strains (H1N1 and H3N2) and two B strains.
    • Read more:
      Why can you still get influenza if you've had a flu shot?

How do they compare?

    • In the few studies comparing Fluad and Fluzone directly, there is little evidence of a difference between them in reducing influenza and serious flu outcomes.
    • Fluzone is only available with a private prescription if you’re 60 years and over, at a cost of around A$65-70.
    • If neither augmented vaccine is available, a standard influenza vaccine is also acceptable for older people, since any influenza vaccine is preferable to receiving none.

How else can we protect against the flu?

    • Wearing a mask or N95 respirator significantly reduces the risk of infecting others when infected.
    • The evidence for protecting oneself against infection is less conclusive, mainly because it’s linked to early, consistent and, importantly, the correct use of masks.
    • Read more:
      Over half of eligible aged care residents are yet to receive their COVID booster.

Absci Deepens Scientific Advisory Board to Accelerate Generative AI Drug Creation

Retrieved on: 
Wednesday, February 8, 2023
Harvard University, Yale School of Medicine, MIT, Machine learning, MBA, History of the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Synthetic biology, Adaptive immune system, Biotechnology, Electrical engineering, Drug design, SAB, Drug, Computer science, Therapy, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Harvard Medical School, United States Air Force Scientific Advisory Board, ETH, University, Patient, Broad Institute, Sai, Translational medicine, SVP, Biological engineering, Probability, University of Oslo, Associate, Executive, University of Mainz, Doctor of Philosophy, Research, Medical device, AI, MD

VANCOUVER, Wash. and NEW YORK, Feb. 08, 2023 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Absci Corporation (Nasdaq: ABSI), a generative AI drug creation company, today announced the expansion of its Scientific Advisory Board with three world-class scientific leaders: Victor Greiff, Ph.D., Timothy Lu, MD, Ph.D., and Hubert Truebel, MD, Ph.D., MBA.

Key Points: 
  • VANCOUVER, Wash. and NEW YORK, Feb. 08, 2023 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Absci Corporation (Nasdaq: ABSI), a generative AI drug creation company, today announced the expansion of its Scientific Advisory Board with three world-class scientific leaders: Victor Greiff, Ph.D., Timothy Lu, MD, Ph.D., and Hubert Truebel, MD, Ph.D., MBA.
  • These renowned leaders in AI drug design, synthetic biology, and translational medicine, respectively, will play a pivotal role in helping Absci continue to pioneer AI drug creation in its mission to create better biologics for patients, faster.
  • “In silico drug design requires vast amounts of high-quality wet lab datasets to effectively build and train generative AI models.
  • “Absci is harnessing generative AI to pioneer the next frontier of antibody drug discovery to deliver better drugs to patients faster,” said Dr. Lu.

Takeda to Acquire Adaptate Biotherapeutics to Develop Novel Gamma Delta (γδ) T Cell Engager Therapies Targeting Solid Tumors

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Monday, January 10, 2022
Biotechnology, Pharmaceutical, Health, Oncology, Hart–Scott–Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act, Safety, Acquisition, TSE, Disease, Romanian alphabet, Hematology, Francis Crick Institute, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company, Tumor microenvironment, Antibody, Cancer, Leadership, Patient, Investment, Vaccine, Adaptive immune system, Projection, Immune system, COBRA, Quality of life, Thakeham, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, Annual report, Science, Multimedia, Review, HSR, Research, Therapy, CEO, R, TAK, Company, Immunotherapy, Exercise, NK, Genetics, T, Pharmaceutical industry, Neuroscience, Takeda, Gastroenterology

Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited ( TSE:4502/NYSE:TAK ) (Takeda) today announced the exercise of its option to acquire Adaptate Biotherapeutics (Adaptate), a UK company focused on developing antibody-based therapeutics for the modulation of variable delta 1 (V1) gamma delta () T cells.

Key Points: 
  • Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited ( TSE:4502/NYSE:TAK ) (Takeda) today announced the exercise of its option to acquire Adaptate Biotherapeutics (Adaptate), a UK company focused on developing antibody-based therapeutics for the modulation of variable delta 1 (V1) gamma delta () T cells.
  • Through the acquisition, Takeda will obtain Adaptates antibody-based T cell engager platform, including pre-clinical candidate and discovery pipeline programs.
  • The planned acquisition complements Takedas ongoing efforts to research and develop cell engagers for solid tumor applications, bolstered by the novel T cell engager COBRA platform, which was acquired from Maverick Therapeutics in another successful build-to-buy collaboration.
  • Adaptates T cell engager platform and the teams deep understanding of T cell biology gives us an opportunity to develop a new class of therapeutics that tap into powerful innate immune mechanisms.

LAVA Therapeutics and The Antibody Society Present Emerging Cancer Therapies Virtual Symposium

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Thursday, November 11, 2021
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Parren, Ph.D. , executive vice president, head of research and development, LAVA Therapeutics; board member, The Antibody Society.

Key Points: 
  • Parren, Ph.D. , executive vice president, head of research and development, LAVA Therapeutics; board member, The Antibody Society.
  • To view the agenda and register for the free, virtual symposium, please visit The Antibody Society .
  • Access to the recording will be available under the "Events" tab on the investor relations section of the LAVA Therapeutics website at: https://ir.lavatherapeutics.com/news-events/events
    The Antibody Society is an international non-profit trade association representing individuals and organizations involved in antibody research and development.
  • The Society is an authoritative source of information about antibody therapeutics development, which is disseminated via our website, presentations and publications.

Adaptive Biotechnologies Reports Second Quarter 2021 Financial Results

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Wednesday, August 4, 2021
Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization, Fundamental analysis, Private equity, Profit, Finance, Adaptive immune system, Economy

SEATTLE, Aug. 04, 2021 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Adaptive Biotechnologies Corporation (Adaptive Biotechnologies) (Nasdaq: ADPT), a commercial stage biotechnology company that aims to translate the genetics of the adaptive immune system into clinical products to diagnose and treat disease, today reported financial results for the quarter ended June 30, 2021.

Key Points: 
  • SEATTLE, Aug. 04, 2021 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Adaptive Biotechnologies Corporation (Adaptive Biotechnologies) (Nasdaq: ADPT), a commercial stage biotechnology company that aims to translate the genetics of the adaptive immune system into clinical products to diagnose and treat disease, today reported financial results for the quarter ended June 30, 2021.
  • Operating expenses were $88.3 million for the second quarter of 2021, compared to $57.9 million in the second quarter of the prior year, representing an increase of 53%.
  • Adjusted EBITDA (non-GAAP) was a loss of $35.6 million for the second quarter of 2021, compared to a loss of $28.5 million for the second quarter of the prior year.
  • Adaptive Biotechnologies will host a conference call to discuss its second quarter 2021 financial results after market close on Wednesday, August 4, 2021 at 4:30 PM Eastern Time.

Gene Editing Expands to New Types of Immune Cells

Retrieved on: 
Tuesday, May 11, 2021
Branches of biology, Medical specialties, Immune system, Biology, Macrophage, Monocyte, Dendritic cell, T cell, Adaptive immune system, Pluripotency

As part of their normal function, monocytes can give rise to two other immune cell types: macrophages, which engulf and destroy foreign material in the body, and dendritic cells, which help recognize pathogens and trigger more specific immune responses.\nMarson\'s team has previously studied T cells, a different class of immune cell, using CRISPR-Cas9 technology to selectively remove genes from the cells and observe the consequences.

Key Points: 
  • As part of their normal function, monocytes can give rise to two other immune cell types: macrophages, which engulf and destroy foreign material in the body, and dendritic cells, which help recognize pathogens and trigger more specific immune responses.\nMarson\'s team has previously studied T cells, a different class of immune cell, using CRISPR-Cas9 technology to selectively remove genes from the cells and observe the consequences.
  • Their results have helped point toward targets for new immune therapies that make T cells more effective at fighting disease.\nMonocytes, however, are notoriously hard to study in the lab.
  • Few of the cells circulate in the blood and they behave differently in a petri dish than they would inside the body.
  • To confirm whether these new edited cells behaved normally, the researchers infected cells grown in the lab with the microbe that causes tuberculosis.

Oxford Immunotec Submits Emergency Use Authorization Request to the FDA and CE Marks T-SPOT®.COVID, a Test for the Detection of a Cell Mediated (T cell) Immune Response to SARS-CoV-2 Infection

Retrieved on: 
Thursday, March 4, 2021
Medical specialties, Medicine, Clinical medicine, Immunology, Immune system, Zoonoses, Glycoproteins, COVID-19 testing, Coronavirus disease, Antibody, Adaptive immune system, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus

In the absence of an antibody response, the T cell response may be protective from SARS-CoV-2 infection5.

Key Points: 
  • In the absence of an antibody response, the T cell response may be protective from SARS-CoV-2 infection5.
  • The T-SPOT.COVID test therefore complements results obtained by antibody serology to give a more comprehensive view of an individual's adaptive immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection.
  • Phill Keefe, Senior VP, Product Design, Development and Delivery at Oxford Immunotec said, "T cells and antibodies are two arms of the adaptive immune response.
  • Our T-SPOT.COVID test is tailored specifically for the detection and measurement of an individual's T cell response to SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Oxford Immunotec Submits Emergency Use Authorization Request to the FDA and CE Marks T-SPOT®.COVID, a Test for the Detection of a Cell Mediated (T cell) Immune Response to SARS-CoV-2 Infection

Retrieved on: 
Thursday, March 4, 2021
Medical specialties, Medicine, Clinical medicine, Immunology, Immune system, Zoonoses, Glycoproteins, COVID-19 testing, Coronavirus disease, Antibody, Adaptive immune system, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus

In the absence of an antibody response, the T cell response may be protective from SARS-CoV-2 infection5.

Key Points: 
  • In the absence of an antibody response, the T cell response may be protective from SARS-CoV-2 infection5.
  • The T-SPOT.COVID test therefore complements results obtained by antibody serology to give a more comprehensive view of an individual's adaptive immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection.
  • Phill Keefe, Senior VP, Product Design, Development and Delivery at Oxford Immunotec said, "T cells and antibodies are two arms of the adaptive immune response.
  • Our T-SPOT.COVID test is tailored specifically for the detection and measurement of an individual's T cell response to SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Qu Biologics Receives Funding for COVID-19 Prevention/Treatment Research with Qu’s Novel Immunotherapy Platform

Retrieved on: 
Friday, December 18, 2020
Medical specialties, Immunology, Medicine, Immune system, Immune response, Immunity, Adaptive immune system, Infection, Immunopathology, Autogenous vaccines

Unlike traditional vaccines that direct the host adaptive immune response to a very specific antigen, Qus immunotherapy platform engages and trains the innate arm of the immune system that is responsible for providing the bodys first line of defense.

Key Points: 
  • Unlike traditional vaccines that direct the host adaptive immune response to a very specific antigen, Qus immunotherapy platform engages and trains the innate arm of the immune system that is responsible for providing the bodys first line of defense.
  • Optimal innate immune defenses can efficiently contain and clear infection before it spreads and plays an essential role in also directing the adaptive immune response against new infections.
  • Of note, QBKPN treatment was shown to prevent mortality from respiratory infections in aged animals, which typically have reduced innate immune competency.
  • This work will be conducted in collaboration with the NRCs Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre.

Priming the Immune System to Fight Cancer

Retrieved on: 
Thursday, December 17, 2020
Medical specialties, Clinical medicine, Immune system, Medicine, Immunology, Immunotherapy, Innate immune system, Adaptive immune system, T cell, Nonspecific immune cell, Cancer immunotherapy

Most clinicians and scientists understand these drugs act on what's known as the adaptive immune system, the T cells and B cells that respond to specific threats to the body.

Key Points: 
  • Most clinicians and scientists understand these drugs act on what's known as the adaptive immune system, the T cells and B cells that respond to specific threats to the body.
  • New research from a team co-led by Penn Dental Medicine's George Hajishengallis suggests that the innate immune system, which responds more generally to bodily invaders, may be an important yet overlooked component of immunotherapy's success.
  • Their work, published in the journal Cell , found that "training" the innate immune system with -glucan, a compound derived from fungus, inspired the production of innate immune cells, specifically neutrophils, that were programmed to prevent or attack tumors in an animal model.
  • "The focus in immunotherapy is placed on adaptive immunity, like checkpoint inhibitors inhibit the interaction between cancer cells and T cells," says Hajishengallis.