Prohibition

• The conference, “Keeping New Jersey Youth Athletes Safe,” will be held from 10 a.m. to 3 p.m. Friday, April 19, at the Golden Nugget Hotel & Casino in Atlantic City.
• The event, being held in conjunction with Horizon Blue Cross Blue Shield of New Jersey and the Opioid Education Foundation of America, will be tailored for coaches, athletic directors, athletic trainers, and others involved in youth sports.
• “It’s essential to educate those involved in youth sports about the potential for opioid misuse among student-athletes,” said Angelo Valente, Executive Director of PDFNJ.
• Kolodny, also the executive director of Physicians for Responsible Opioid Prescribing, will discuss the opioid epidemic that is impacting families and communities across the country.

• Last year a Melbourne Demons player, Joel Smith, and two Sydney Swans AFLW players were caught with cocaine.
• So how is cocaine considered performance enhancing, and why does it matter when they took it?

What is cocaine and is it performance enhancing?

• Once consumed, cocaine increases the level of a chemical in the brain called dopamine – a messenger molecular that is associated with pleasure and reward.
• A surge in dopamine is responsible for feelings of euphoria, heightened energy, and alertness, which makes cocaine highly sought-after for recreational purposes.
• When used during sport, cocaine is considered to have performance enhancing effects and is prohibited under the World Anti-Doping Code and listed under the Substances of Abuse Category.

Recreational (out of competition) vs performancing-enhancing (in-competition) use

• As a result, instead of a ban from competing, the court gave them 12-month conditional release orders, with no convictions recorded.
• Under the AFL’s anti-doping code, a finding of using cocaine for performance enhancement could come with a four-year ban.
• If he was found to have used it for only recreational purposes, not on game day, the ban would instead just be one or three months.

Can urine testing determine when someone took cocaine?

• Intact cocaine can remain detectable in urine for periods up to 15 days, and BZE can be detectable up to 25 days.
• To determine the date of cocaine use, the concentration of intact drug in the athlete’s urine, and possibly the BZE concentration, need to be considered.
• But there are fundamental flaws in making these comparisons to determine when an athlete took cocaine.

Why is cocaine still considered performance-enhancing?

While it’s unlikely an athlete can genuinely get an athletic edge on their rivals by taking cocaine, it is still on Sports Integrity Australia’s Prohibited List because “all prohibited substances are added to the Prohibited List because they meet two of the three following criteria”:
Athletes really are risking a lot for minimal (if any) athletic reward when they take cocaine – not just the health risks, but the possibility of getting caught with a substance that is extremely unlikely to improve their on-field performances.
Nial Wheate has previously appeared as an expert witness for an athlete accused by Sport Integrity Australia of in-competition cocaine use. Shoohb Alassadi does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

• 29 February 2024
  EMA/25090/2002 rev.23*
  Human Medicines Division

  Compilation of QRD decisions on stylistic matters in product information
  Issues
  Abbreviations

  Connected problems
  Subscript and superscript

  QRD Suggestions
  Acronyms must be written in their standard form; e.g.

• Cmax, Cmax
  Abbreviations and

  Not always understood,

  Non-standard abbreviations and acronyms should be avoided, and the term should be written out in full.

• The same applies when stating the pharmaceutical form in section 3 of the SmPC and section 4 of the labelling;
  i.e.
• critical steps prior to administration of the product should also be included (section 5 of Annex IIIA).
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  Issues

  Connected problems

  QRD Suggestions

  emphasise in the labelling
  the special handling prior
  to administration of the
  product.

• Consistency

  Inconsistencies in style are

  Once a particular style or house style has been selected, it must be used consistently throughout the text.

• Tradename 150 mg solution for injection in pre-filled syringe
  Tradename 150 mg solution for injection in pre-filled pen

  information annexes?

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  Issues
  Desiccant

  Connected problems

  QRD Suggestions

  For medicinal products

  The foil of blister packs containing a desiccant must be clearly labelled to show which blister pocket contains

  packaged with a desiccant

  the desiccant.

• For bottles containing a desiccant, a similar statement should also be considered provided there

  mistake the desiccant for a

  is available space.

• It can only be included in brackets in section 3 of the

  where can this be

  SmPC and section 4 of the labelling.

• Direct speech should only
  be used in section 6 of the SmPC for instructions about shelf-life, storage, handling and disposal.
• The term ?drug? though can be used in the product information annexes when it is part of a standard set of
  terms (e.g.
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  Issues
  Foreign terms

  Connected problems

  QRD Suggestions

  Foreign terms, particularly

  Foreign terms must be written in italics; e.g.

• Patients can be referred to as ?he? or

  physician is often referred

  as ?she? when the medicinal product is exclusively for use by males or females.

• if the product in question might be

  measurements are

  used by elderly patients), in brackets after the metric measures in the English text.

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  Issues

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  QRD Suggestions

  product name is composed
  of MAH+INN?

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  Issues

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  QRD Suggestions
  MT: English
  BG: Bulgarian
  NL: Dutch
  CZ: Czech or English at applicant?s discretion.

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  Issues

  Connected problems

  QRD Suggestions
  considered, e.g.

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  Issues
  Symbols: Non-Unicode

  Connected problems

  QRD Suggestions

  The use of non-Unicode

  Only Unicode symbols must be used in submitted product information annexes.

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  Issues

  Connected problems

  Units: SI base units -

  International Standard

  litre

  base units have been
  introduced in the European
  Union with Council
  Directive 80/181/EEC of
  20.12.79 (O.J.

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• The laid-back luxurious Lodge celebrates Stranahan's roots while ushering in a new era as the American Single Malt category waits for official whiskey designation.
• "We've come a long way since opening the first whiskey distillery in Colorado since Prohibition, down in Denver.
• Returning to the Rockies to open the Stranahan's Whiskey Lodge is a testament to the country's thirst for home-grown Single Malts.