Arctic

• China, the world's largest producer of germanium, has adopted export controls intended to restrict the export of germanium, among other metals.
• The Bornite deposit has a total Inferred resource of 6.5 billion pounds of copper (see Table 1).
• The samples, averaging 15 cm in length, were selected to establish the presence of germanium sulphides at South Reef.
• Prior to this work, only six samples from Bornite are known to have been analyzed for germanium using sample preparation methods specifically for germanium.

• Equip Expo will be held October 17 to 20 at the Kentucky Exposition Center.
• This shows the relevance and importance of Expo," says Kris Kiser, President & CEO of the Outdoor Power Equipment Institute (OPEI), which owns Equip Exposition.
• Every year, Equip Exposition invests in and commits to making the user experience unique in response to the industry's needs, demands and market changes.
• For more information visit equipexposition.com, contact the Equip Exposition office at [email protected] or call 502-536-7050.

• These are objectively true statements that most people have come to accept.
• But it is also true that Earth’s climate has never been stagnant and climate anomalies have been frequent throughout the past.
• Are the impacts of modern climate change comparable to those of the medieval warm period (MWP) or the little ice age (LIA)?

Ecosystem background

• Predators at the top of the food chain, like polar bears, reflect changes across the entire ecosystem, all the way down to microscopic algae.
• In the Arctic, the base of the food web is sourced from two categories: sea ice-associated algae and open-water phytoplankton, which are distinguishable through their carbon isotopes.

Results from our study

• In our study we examined stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes in polar bear bone collagen.
• The polar bears were all from the Lancaster Sound sub-population and spanned the last 4,000 years.

What it all means

• The results of the nitrogen isotopes showed that throughout time, 4,000 years BP to the present, the structure of the Lancaster Sound food web was relatively unchanged.
• Polar bears eat seals, seals eat cod, cod eat zooplankton, et cetera.
• There were no surprising shifts in the diets of polar bears despite past and present climate change.

Evidence of a warming climate

• For ringed seals, the primary prey of polar bears, it is a platform for denning and raising young.
• In this case, we have illustrated the magnitude of difference occurring in the modern Arctic, relative to past climate anomalies.
• We can, therefore, not dismiss calls to action on climate change on the basis that the climate has always fluctuated.

• The extensive, permanent installation includes more than 700 artworks and takes guests on a curated journey across the seven seas.
• Seabourn's expedition vessels, Seabourn Venture and Seabourn Pursuit, bear strong resemblance as sister ships that share the same DNA in design.
• However, art stands out as one of the most prominent and character-defining points of differentiation between them.
• It features custom art that masterfully celebrates the wonders of our planet and the great explorers of our time, infused with geographic inspiration.