Diesel fuel

• LOS ANGELES, Aug. 16, 2023 /PRNewswire/ -- The Air Force is investing in JetZero's aircraft design that will reduce fuel consumption, cut emissions and noise, and provide an improved airline passenger experience.
• As air traffic grows at a projected rate of 3.6 percent annually, decarbonizing the industry becomes even more challenging.
• Under the terms of the award from DoD's Defense Innovation Unit, JetZero will receive $235 million over a four-year period, culminating in first flight of the full-scale demonstrator by the first quarter of 2027.
• JetZero is leading efforts to expand BWB technology and demonstrate its capabilities for the future of aviation and the climate for both military and commercial markets.

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  To realize a decarbonized society, a multi-pathway strategy to address various issues in the mobility sector is necessary, rather than focusing on a single energy source.
• Against this backdrop, research and development targeted at commercialization of mobility with engines powered by hydrogen - deemed a next-generation energy source - is gaining momentum.
• The members of HySE will continue to deepen their collaborative relations in order to provide a variety of small mobility options to users and meet their diverse needs, thereby contributing to the realization of a decarbonized society.
• There are many challenges in the development of hydrogen-powered engines, but we hope to see the association's activities advance the fundamental research in order to meet those challenges.

• They were among the first large terrestrial animals to evolve and did so rapidly, quickly becoming some of the most abundant plant-eating animals worldwide.
• At least 21 separate species evolved before all pareiasaurs were wiped out about 252 million years ago during the Permian-Triassic extinction event.
• One large, abundant species, Bradysaurus, from the middle Permian Period, was found in South Africa and scientifically described in 1892.
• That means both of these pareiasaurs, from different hemispheres and living in different times, weighed in at about the mass of a large adult black rhino or a large domestic bull.

A new method

• These formulas were derived from large sets of measurements of the limb bones of modern animals whose masses can be measured directly.
• These animals often had a sprawling posture and, as a result, thickened bones.
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  We used a new volumetric method to determine a more realistic mass estimate.

• If they were accurate, the density of the animal’s tissues would have been greater than sandstone or concrete.

Body size in herbivores

• Bradysaurus’s large size is best explained by a negative relationship between food digestibility and body mass.
• It predicts the evolution of large body size in herbivores that ingest copious, low-quality plant material.
• Plants are hard to digest, and a plant-based diet typically results in a large body size – herbivores are typically substantially heavier than other dietary groups in living animals.
• Alternatively, or maybe in conjunction with the evolution of herbivory, the large body size of Bradysaurus may also have evolved as protection from co-existing predators.

• Research shows the number of new near-zero emission diesel trucks on the road increased 10.2% between 2021 and 2022 according to the Diesel Technology Forum (DTF).
• Illinois is the state with the fastest-growing registration of new advanced diesel technology Class 8 commercial trucks, up 4.6% as of December 2022 as compared to 2021.
• They comprise 57% of all commercial diesel trucks (Class 3-8) on the roads today.
• “Nearly 7-million new-technology diesel trucks are on the roads, delivering our goods and services with near-zero emissions,” says Allen Schaeffer, Executive Director of the Forum.